The effect of cinnamon supplementation on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes or with polycystic ovary syndrome: an umbrella meta-analysis on interventional meta-analyses

Table 2 Results of subgroup analyses based on various independent variables

Outcomes stratified by different covariates	No. studies	Pooled effect size (95% CI)	P-value	I² (%)	P-heterogeneity
FPG, Overall (WMD) Gender Women Both Sample size > 500 ≤ 500 Population PCOS T2DM Other	6 2 4 4 2 2 3 1	-10.9 (-16.2, -5.65) -5.24 (-8.7, -1.81) -15.6 (-21.6, -9.56) -13.0 (-20.1, -5.88) -5.65 (-10.7, -0.58) -5.24 (-8.66, -1.81) -20.3 (-27.8, -12.8) -11.4 (-16.31, -6.47)	< 0.001 0.003 0.000 < 0.001 0.029 0.003 < 0.001 < 0.001	66 0.0 28.4 75.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -	0.01 0.97 0.24 0.01 0.45 0.97 0.83 -
FPG, Overall (SMD) Sample size > 500 ≤ 500 Population PCOS T2DM	5 2 3 1 4	-0.86 (-1.19, -0.52) -0.59 (-0.92, -0.25) -1.15 (-1.84, -0.46) -0.87 (-1.68, -0.07) -0.88 (-1.28, -0.48)	< 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 0.034 < 0.001	53,1 0.0 66.6 - 64.7	0.07 0.54 0.05 - 0.04
HbA1C, Overall (WMD) Sample size ≥ 1000 < 1000 Population T2DM Other	8 3 5 6 2	-0.10 (-0.17, -0.03) -0.16 (-0.25, -0.06) -0.06 (-0.15, 0.03) -0.09 (-0.14, -0.05) 0.01 (-0.51, 0.53)	0.003 < 0.001 0.219 < 0.001 0.962	28.2 0.0 31.9 0.0 85.1	0.20 0.41 0.21 0.71 0.01

Abbreviations: FPG; Fasting plasma glucose, PCOS; Polycystic ovary syndrome, T2DM; Type 2 diabetes mellitus, HbA1C; Hemoglobin A1C, WMD; Weighted mean difference, SMD; Standardized mean difference, MD; Mean difference, CI; Confidence interval; Other: study populations other than T2DM and PCOS

ISSN: 1758-5996