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Table 2 Association between GAR and Outcomes during hospitalization and at 3 months

From: Stress hyperglycemia increases short-term mortality in acute ischemic stroke patients after mechanical thrombectomy

Outcomes

GAR

Events, n (%)

Unadjusted OR (95% CI)

P value

Adjusted OR (95% CI)

P value

Early neurological deterioration†

Q1 (n = 136)

4 (12.5%)

Reference

 

Reference

 

Q2 (n = 141)

4 (12.5%)

0.49 [0.28;0.86]

0.96

1.08 [0.24;4.85]

0.916

Q3 (n = 139)

7 (21.9%)

1.72 [0.49;6.95]

0.398

1.57 [0.45;7.01]

0.454

Q4 (n = 137)

17 (53.1%)

4.52 [1.60;16.5]

0.003

4.47 [1.46;17.02]

0.014

P for trend

  

 < 0.001

 

0.005

Stroke-associated pneumonia‡

Q1 (n = 136)

30 (14.4%)

Reference

 

Reference

 

Q2 (n = 141)

45 (21.6%)

1.65 [0.97;2.85]

0.067

1.45 [0.84;2.54]

0.102

Q3 (n = 139)

65 (31.2%)

3.08 [1.84;5.27]

 < 0.001

2.22 [1.29;3.86]

0.002

Q4 (n = 137)

68 (32.7%)

3.46 [2.06;5.92]

 < 0.001

2.32 [1.34;4.06]

0.002

P for trend

  

 < 0.001

 

0.244

ICH#

Q1 (n = 136)

12 (11.4%)

Reference

 

Reference

 

Q2 (n = 141)

31 (29.5%)

2.88 [1.44;6.13]

0.002

2.39 [1.17;5.21]

0.020

Q3 (n = 139)

28 (26.7%)

2.58 [1.27;5.53]

0.008

1.84 [0.89;4.02]

0.109

Q4 (n = 137)

34 (32.4%)

3.37 [1.70;7.13]

 < 0.001

2.63 [1.29;5.68]

0.010

P for trend

  

0.002

 

0.108

sICH§

Q1 (n = 136)

3 (14.3%)

Reference

 

Reference

 

Q2 (n = 141)

9 (42.9%)

2.92 [0.83;14.1]

0.098

2.82 [0.80;13.06]

0.131

Q3 (n = 139)

5 (23.8%)

1.62 [0.37;8.54]

0.522

1.59 [0.37;8.08]

0.541

Q4 (n = 137)

4 (19.0%)

1.32 [0.27;7.26]

0.731

1.44 [0.30;7.60]

0.647

P for trend

  

0.917

 

0.532

Three-month poor functional outcome (mRS 3–6) ‖

Q1 (n = 136)

56 (17.6%)

Reference

 

Reference

 

Q2 (n = 141)

76 (23.9%)

1.67 [1.04;2.69]

0.035

1.47 [0.86;2.53]

0.155

Q3 (n = 139)

87 (27.4%)

2.38 [1.47;3.89]

 < 0.001

1.45 [0.83;2.54]

0.190

Q4 (n = 137)

99 (31.1%)

3.70 [2.24;6.19]

 < 0.001

2.06 [1.13;3.77]

0.018

 

P for trend

  

 < 0.001

 

0.013

  1. CI indicates confidence interval, GAR Glucose-to-glycated hemoglobin ratio, OR odds ratio, ICH intracranial hemorrhage, sICH symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, mRS modified Rankin Scale
  2. †Adjusted for age, sex, and NIHSS score at admission
  3. ‡Adjusted for age, NIHSS score at admission, previous TIA/stroke, smoking, and hsCRP
  4. #Adjusted for atrial fibrillation, NIHSS score at admission, homocysteine, and IV tPA administration
  5. §Adjusted for NIHSS score at admission, and IV tPA administration
  6. ‖Adjusted for age, sex, systolic pressure, NIHSS score at admission, pre-stroke mRS, cardiovascular disease, previous TIA/stroke, smoking, hemoglobin, and serum creatinine
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Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome

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