Evaluation of the effectiveness regarding the participation of pharmacists in perioperative blood glucose management via the iGMS: a pilot RCT

Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the control and intervention groups

Parameters	Control group	Intervention group	P value
N(men/women)	101/49	94/56	0.397
Age (years)	47.85 ± 12.26	44.38 ± 14.03	0.181
Smoking (yes/no)	32/118	30/120	0.776
Drinking (yes/no)	15/135	17/133	0.708
DR (yes/no)	47/103	52/98	0.539
Duration of T2DM	11.02 ± 5.07	11.03 ± 4.94	0.982
BMI (kg/m²)	28.19 ± 3.92	27.79 ± 3.76	0.374
WHR	0.94 ± 0.05	0.94 ± 0.05	0.504
FPG (mmol/L)	10.22 ± 3.50	10.81 ± 3.15	0.129
PPG (mmol/L)	15.67 ± 4.46	15.98 ± 4.30	0.538
HbA1c (%)	9.38 ± 1.79	9.55 ± 1.69	0.413
Islet function grading (n/%)
Mild impairment	2 (2.94)	1 (1.39)
Moderate impairment	21 (30.88)	20 (27.78)
Severe impairment	45 (66.18)	51 (70.83)	0.734
TG (mmol/L)	2.37 ± 1.73	2.46 ± 1.78	0.682
TC (mmol/L)	4.80 ± 1.18	5.14 ± 1.42	0.028
HDL-c (mmol/L)	2.46 ± 1.78	2.46 ± 1.73	0.902
LDL-c (mmol/L)	3.05 ± 1.04	3.10 ± 1.22	0.734
SBP (mmHg)	133.23 ± 16.89	133.89 ± 18.42	0.747
DBP (mmHg)	84.23 ± 9.49	83.87 ± 10.71	0.762
Surgery level (n/%)
Level I	12 (8.00)	15 (10.00)
Level II	23 (15.33)	16 (10.67)
Level III	32 (21.33)	30 (20.00)
Level IV	83 (55.33)	89 (59.33)	0.601
Total daily insulin dose/weight (U/kg)	27.99 ± 10.26	29.07 ± 10.06	0.358

Abbreviations used: DR, diabetic retinopathy; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; BMI, body mass index; WHR, waist to hip ratio; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; PPG, postprandial plasma glucose; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; TG, triglyceride; TC, total cholesterol; HDL-c, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; LDL-c = low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure. Note: Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation or n (%)

ISSN: 1758-5996