Fig. 1

The workflow chart of this study

Notes: other reasons including: (a) one or multiple other liver diseases including virus infection of hepatitis, diseases of biliary obstructive or autoimmune hepatitis; (b) any drug usage may influence the function of liver, like: tamoxifen, amiodarone, sodium valproate, methotrexate, and glucocorticoids etc.; (c) recent diagnosed acute complications of diabetes; (d) severe low plasma glucose; (e) acute vascular disease of heart and brain; e) drug abuse; (f) diagnosed disease of thyroid (with thyroid dysfunction or abnormal autoimmune antibodies); (g) severe infection, major surgery, (h) visual or hearing dysfunction (cannot finish neuropsychological tests); (i) dementia (severe cognitive decline out of the range of MCI); k) other diseases may affect (or potentially influence) cognition; cognitive function testing and inflammation, like anemia, cancer, and autoimmune disease (e.g., Crohn’s disease, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and so on)