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Table 3 Summary of quantitative data analysis with Random effects or fixed effects SMD (95% CI) estimate with a p-value for analysis of primary efficacy outcomes based on various type of comparators

From: Efficacy and safety of tirzepatide, dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonists, in the management of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Primary efficacy outcomes

Comparator

5 mg

10 mg

15 mg

FSG

GLP-1 RA

− 5.23 (− 5.73, − 4.72)

P < 0.05

− 9.73 (− 10.51, − 8.95)

P < 0.05

− 6.23 (− 6.74, − 5.71)

P < 0.05

Insulin

0.57 (0.46, 0.67)

P < 0.05

− 1.23 (− 1.33, − 1.12)

P < 0.05

− 3.6 (− 3.74, − 3.47)

P < 0.05

Placebo

− 9.69 (− 10.59, − 8.79)

P < 0.05

− 9.89 (− 10.42, − 9.35)

P < 0.05

− 15.84 (− 16.62, − 15.06)

P < 0.05

Overall

0.19 (0.09, 0.29)

P < 0.05

− 1.68 (− 1.78, − 1.58)

P < 0.05

− 4.1 (4.23, − 3.97)

P < 0.05

HbA1c

GLP-1 RA

− 0.93 (− 1.03, − 0.83)

P < 0.05

− 1.50 (− 1.62, − 1.39)

P < 0.05

− 1.60 (− 1.72, − 1.48)

P < 0.05

Insulin

− 13.3 (− 13.69, − 12.91)

P < 0.05

− 17.43 (− 17.93, − 16.93)

P < 0.05

− 17.9 (− 18.43, − 17.37)

P < 0.05

Placebo

− 5.54 (− 6.22, − 4.86)

P < 0.05

− 10.10 (− 10.73, − 9.47)

P < 0.05

− 17.14 (− 18.00, − 16.28)

P < 0.05

Overall

− 1.77 (− 1.87, − 1.68)

P < 0.05

− 2.58 (− 2.69, − 2.47)

P < 0.05

− 2.62 (− 2.73, − 2.5)

P < 0.05

BW

GLP-1 RA

− 5.2 (− 5.45, − 4.96)

P < 0.05

− 3.29 (− 3.44, − 3.14)

P < 0.05

− 1.83 (− 1.94, − 1.75)

P < 0.05

Insulin

− 7.38 (− 17.86, − 16.90)

P < 0.05

− 17.25 (− 17.91, − 16.58)

P < 0.05

− 18.51 (− 19.25, − 17.78)

P < 0.05

Placebo

− 12.6 (− 13.12, − 12.09)

P < 0.05

− 8.28 (− 9.04, − 7.52)

P < 0.05

− 9.55 (− 10.42, − 8.68)

P < 0.05

Overall

− 8.42 (− 8.62, − 8.22)

P < 0.05

− 4.14 (− 4.28, − 3.99)

P < 0.05

− 2.29 (− 2.39, − 2.18)

P < 0.05

  1. FSG fasting serum glucose, HbA1c hemoglobin A1c, BW body weight
  2. *Statistically significant variables at P value < 0.05