Table 2 Summary of quantitative data analysis with Random effects or fixed effects SMD (95% CI) estimate with a p-value for analysis of primary efficacy outcomes

FSG

0.19 (0.09, 0.29)

P < 0.05

− 1.68 (− 1.78, − 1.58)

P < 0.05

− 4.10 (− 4.23, − 3.97)

P < 0.05

− 1.57 (− 1.63, − 1.51)

P < 0.05

HbA1c

− 4.29 (− 4.44, − 4.14)

P < 0.05

− 9.69 (− 9.93, − 9.45)

P < 0.05

− 9.84 (− 10.09, − 9.6)

P < 0.05

− 6.77 (− 6.77, − 6.54)

P < 0.05

BW

− 2.29 (− 2.4, − 2.18)

P < 0.05

− 4.56 (− 4.71, − 4.42)

P < 0.05

− 6.46 (− 6.64, − 6.28)

P < 0.05

− 3.77 (− 3.84, − 3.69)

P < 0.05

TG

− 4.153 (− 4.373, − 3.933)

P < 0.05

− 7.369 (− 7.714, − 7.023)

P < 0.05

− 7.825 (− 8.188, − 7.462)

P < 0.05

− 5.651 (− 5.816, − 5.485)

P < 0.05

LDL-c

− 0.835 (− 0.967, − 0.703)

P < 0.05

0.418 (0.293, 0.543)

P < 0.05

0.615 (0.489, 0.741)

P < 0.05

0.094 (0.020, 0.167)

P < 0.05

HDL-c

2.708 (2.534, 2.881)

P < 0.05

3.571 (3.369, 3.774)

P < 0.05

2.799 (2.624, 2.974)

P < 0.05

2.974 (2.869, 3.079)

P < 0.05