Table 2 Risk of incident dementia in relation to cardiometabolic disease status and lifestyle category at baseline

CMD status

 No CMDs

46 368

1 (ref)

1 (ref)

 1 CMD

100 640

1.08 (1.00–1.16)

0.063

1.07 (0.99–1.15)

0.099

  Diabetes

1360

1.50 (1.11–2.04)

0.008

1.48 (1.09–2.00)

0.012

  CHD

1996

1.52 (1.20–1.92)

< 0.001

1.50 (1.19–1.90)

< 0.001

  Stroke

547

2.05 (1.37–3.04)

< 0.001

2.05 (1.38–3.05)

< 0.001

  Hypertension

96 737

1.05 (0.97–1.14)

0.19

1.05 (0.97–1.13)

0.26

 2 CMDs

20 918

1.78 (1.62–1.96)

< 0.001

1.74 (1.58–1.91)

< 0.001

  Diabetes and CHD

246

1.79 (0.99–3.25)

0.055

1.72 (0.95–3.12)

0.075

  Diabetes and stroke

40

  Diabetes and hypertension

8638

1.94 (1.72–2.20)

< 0.001

1.88 (1.66–2.12)

< 0.001

  CHD and stroke

90

4.40 (2.49–7.79)

< 0.001

4.14 (2.34–7.33)

< 0.001

  CHD and hypertension

9590

1.57 (1.40–1.77)

< 0.001

1.54 (1.37–1.74)

< 0.001

  Stroke and hypertension

2314

2.08 (1.72–2.51)

< 0.001

2.02 (1.68–2.45)

< 0.001

 ≥ 3 CMDs

3612

2.97 (2.58–3.41)

< 0.001

2.83 (2.46–3.25)

< 0.001

  Diabetes, CHD, and stroke

15

4.44 (0.63–31.6)

0.14

4.27 (0.60–30.4)

0.15

  Diabetes, CHD, and hypertension

2333

2.78 (2.35–3.30)

< 0.001

2.65 (2.23–3.14)

< 0.001

  Diabetes, stroke, and hypertension

374

3.57 (2.54–5.02)

< 0.001

3.44 (2.45–4.83)

< 0.001

  CHD, stroke, and hypertension

673

2.58 (1.94–3.44)

< 0.001

2.46 (1.85–3.28)

< 0.001

  Diabetes, CHD, stroke, and hypertension

217

5.84 (3.95–8.63)

< 0.001

5.50 (3.72–8.14)

< 0.001

Lifestyle category

 Unfavourable

25 472

1 (ref)

1 (ref)

 Intermediate

90 102

0.75 (0.70–0.81)

< 0.001

0.78 (0.72–0.84)

< 0.001

 Favourable

55 964

0.63 (0.57–0.68)

< 0.001

0.67 (0.61–0.73)

< 0.001