Association of frailty index with congestive heart failure, all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among individuals with type 2 diabetes: a study from National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES), 1999–2018

Table 4 Cox regression analysis of the 1-SD increase in FI and frailty with cardiovascular mortality

	Crude model		Model 1		Model 2		Model 3
	HR (95%CI)	P	HR (95%CI)	P	HR (95%CI)	P	HR (95%CI)	P
FI 1-SD increase	1.40(1.23–1.58)	< 0.0001	1.52(1.33–1.73)	< 0.0001	1.46(1.28–1.67)	< 0.0001	1.30(1.10–1.54)	0.002
Non-frailty	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
Frailty	1.95(1.46–2.60)	< 0.0001	2.09(1.57–2.78)	< 0.0001	2.00(1.51–2.65)	< 0.0001	1.66(1.18–2.33)	0.003

Crude model: no covariates were adjusted
Model 1: age (continuous), gender, and race were adjusted
Model 2: age (continuous), gender, race, education, smoking status, and alcohol consumption were adjusted
Model 3: age (continuous), gender, race, education, smoking status, alcohol consumption, Obesity, systolic blood pressure, anti-diabetic drugs, HDL cholesterol, albumin, fasting plasma glucose, eGFR, and CHF were adjusted

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