Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of the enrolled patients with T2DM (N = 100) and health controls (N = 100)

Gender

male, %

60 (60)

50 (50)

0.155

female, %

40 (40)

50 (50)

Age (years)

51.41 ± 9.05

40.44 ± 11.26

< 0.0001

Current smoker, %

28 (28)

-

-

Current drinker, %

23 (23)

-

-

BMI (kg/m2)

25.84 ± 3.41

24.90 ± 3.83

0.069

Waist circumference, cm

94.9 ± 9.38

-

-

Systolic blood pressure (SBP)

119.21 ± 12.37

-

Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) 77.83 ± 7.93

-

-

LDL cholesterol (mmol/L)

2.63 ± 0.78

2.79 ± 0.70

0.123

Total cholesterol (mmol/L)

4.47 ± 0.92

4.61 ± 0.80

0.264

Triglycerides (mmol/L)

1.53 ± 0.76

1.31 ± 0.75

0.038

Serum uric Acid (mg/dL)

331.51 ± 69.44

369.02 ± 93.32

0.001

Serum Creatinine (µmol/L)

59.19 ± 12.45

64.55 ± 10.15

0.001

ALT (U/L)

33.09 ± 21.04

-

-

AST (U/L)

20.69 ± 11.67

-

-

GGT (U/L)

59.06 ± 54.91

-

Fasting glucose (mmol/L)

7.90 ± 2.08

5.24 ± 2.46

< 0.0001

2 h OGTT (mmol/L)

12.17 ± 3.66

-

-

HbA1c (%)

10.33 ± 2.47

5.91 ± 1.07

< 0.0001