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Table 4 Effect of the interaction between time factor and albuminuria on the studied parameters

From: Influence of time factor and albuminuria on characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes Mellitus before, during and 1 year after COVID-19 recoveryAuthors and affiliations:

Parameter

Normo-albuminuria

Microalbuminuria

Time*Group interaction

Before

During

After

Before

During

After

F

value

P value

Partial η2

BMI (kg/m2)

28.1 ± 2.7

28.37± 2.75

28.96± 2.80

29.89± 3.60

30.47± 3.67

30.89± 3.50

1.601

0.209

0.019

SBP (mmHg)

135.2 ± 9.3

132.29± 9.08

132.50± 9.20

134.75± 7.95

131.69± 8.98

134.66± 9.37

1.052

0.352

0.013

DBP (mmHg)

83.5 ± 4.8

82.50± 5.71

85.21± 6.33

85.08± 6.12

80.93± 5.45

84.58± 8.110

1.344

0.264

0.016

MAP (mmHg)

100.8 ± 5.8

99.10± 6.35

100.97± 6.36

101.64± 6.24

97.85± 6.0

101.27± 8.08

0.737

0.480

0.009

Haemoglobin (g/dL)

13.3 ± 1.9

13.0± 1.82

13.15± 1.35

13.47± 1.69

13.24± 1.74

13.20± 1.09

0.134

0.875

0.002

HBA1c %

6.96 ± 0.36

7.35± 0.49

8.34± 0.35

7.0± 0.43

7.42± 0.50

8.45± 0.51

0.042

0.946

0.001

BUN (mg/dL)

13.96 ± 3.5

25.21± 2.85

21.04± 3.99

16.19± 4.16

27.64± 3.95

23.51± 4.618

0.035

0.941

0.000

Serum creatinine(mg/dL)

1.05 ± 0.11

1.13± 0.15

0.98± 0.13

1.10± 0.11

1.25± 0.17

1.10± 0.19

2.906

0.065

0.035

eGFR (ml/ min/1.73 m²)

72.33± 12.31

67.04± 14.09

79.0± 14.13

70.80± 15.80

61.75± 15.69

72.27± 21.21

1.338

0.260

0.016

Serum uric acid(mg/dL)

6.84± 0.812

7.82± 1.17

6.40± 1.05

6.76± 0.90

7.72± 1.472

6.14± 0.98

0.308

0.736

0.004

Total cholesterol(mg/dL)

223.3 ± 36.9

212.9 ± 41.2

212.7 ± 32.6

212.7 ± 33.7

203.7 ± 35.8

208.9 ± 31.1

0.389

0.545

0.005

Triglycerides(mg/dL)

260.5± 57.77

270.0± 59.55

216.75± 66.7

269.24± 63.5

281.46± 86.8

214.61± 55.4

0.252

0.653

0.003

HDL-C (mg/dL)

42.67± 6.91

38.0± 6.21

42.92± 12.09

42.29± 7.23

39.98± 7.23

43.22± 7.81

0.442

0.530

0.005

LDL-C(mg/dL)

127.17± 31.9

119.25± 35.3

125.50± 27

116.14± 31.2

106.61± 33.7

124.81± 30.5

1.345

0.252

0.016

VLDL (mg/dL)

49.92± 15.83

55.17± 14.84

43.17± 12.20

51.63± 15.33

56.27± 18.21

42.44± 10.91

0.188

0.698

0.002

TG / HDL

6.20± 1.50

7.23± 1.755

5.52± 2.38

6.67± 2.44

7.32± 2.82

5.19± 1.80

0.667

0.433

0.008

NLR

2.35± 0.67

11.83± 7.46

1.99± 0.93

2.10± 0.68

9.60± 7.97

1.78± 0.80

1.111

0.296

0.014

dNLR

1.71± 0.38

5.93± 3.23

1.45± 0.62

1.6± 0.43

5.18± 3.61

1.32± 0.55

0.554

0.462

0.007

WBCs (× 109/L)

6.56± 1.42

7.55± 2.57

6.19± 1.63

6.27± 1.72

7.57± 3.62

6.62± 1.95

0.703

0.467

0.009

ANC(×103/mcL)

4.10± 1.03

6.31± 2.50

3.49± 1.0

3.80± 1.16

6.07± 3.55

3.65± 1.33

0.328

0.618

0.004

Albumin(g/dL)

4.25± 0.208

4.37± 0.347

4.41± 0.481

4.20± 0.27

4.24± 0.39

4.20± 0.53

1.428

0.243

0.017

ALP(IU/L)

67.79± 19.77

111.71± 28.3

96.71± 25.28

61.07± 21.53

91.81± 26.74

81.56± 27.19

3.131

0.062

0.037

Vitamin D3 (ng/mL)

19.29± 4.99

24.0± 5.34

36.58± 9.141

21.69± 4.89

24.64± 8.23

37.64± 7.014

0.562

0.553

0.007

Intact PTH (pg/mL)

39.39± 20.96

42.19± 19.23

40.17± 18.86

60.99± 23.92

67.33± 26.18

63.11± 25.05

1.165

0.309

0.014

Calcium(mg/dL)

10.16± 0.53

9.07± 0.41241

9.33± 0.49

9.76± 0.80

9.02± 0.53

9.18± 0.66

2.198

0.121

0.026

Magnesium(mg/dL)

2.01± 0.14

2.00± 0.19

2.12± 0.20

2.03± 0.183

2.03± 0.18

2.16± 0.19

0.164

0.826

0.002

Phosphorus(mg/dL)

3.69± 0.62

4.55± 0.39

4.10± 0.36

3.75± 0.54

4.49± 0.56

4.04± 0.60

0.687

0.481

0.008

  1. ¶Test: two-way mixed ANOVA, † body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP&DBP), Mean arterial blood pressure (Mean ABP), glycosylated hemoglobin (HBA1c), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), triglycerides to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), derived neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (dNLR), white blood cells (WBCs), Absolute neutrophil count (ANC), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), intact parathyroid hormone (Intact PTH), * significant value; p ≤ 0.05. Bonferroni correction was used for multiple comparisons