Geriatric Nutrition Risk Index as a predictor of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in older Americans with diabetes

Table 2 Association between GNRI and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among older Americans with diabetes

Characteristic	Crude model		Model 1		Model 2		Model 3
Characteristic	HR (95%CI)	P	HR (95%CI)	P	HR (95%CI)	P	HR (95%CI)	P
All-cause mortality
GNRI	0.945 (0.934,0.955)	< 0.001	0.948 (0.936,0.959)	< 0.001	0.952 (0.941, 0.964)	< 0.001	0.953 (0.942, 0.966)	< 0.001
GNRI (category)
No risk (n = 3889)	ref		ref		ref		ref
Low risk (n = 416)	1.832 (1.527,2.199)	< 0.001	1.680 (1.360,2.076)	< 0.001	1.575 (1.266, 1.959)	< 0.001	1.554 (1.251, 1.932)	< 0.001
M/S risk (n = 95)	2.750 (1.930,3.920)	< 0.001	3.101 (2.015,4.772)	< 0.001	2.619 (1.693, 4.052)	< 0.001	2.584 (1.672, 3.994)	< 0.001
p for trend		< 0.001		< 0.001		< 0.001		< 0.001
Cardiovascular mortality
GNRI	0.945 (0.927,0.963)	< 0.001	0.954 (0.930,0.978)	< 0.001	0.961 (0.936, 0.987)	0.004	0.962 (0.935, 0.989)	0.006
GNRI (category)
No risk (n = 2756)	ref		ref		ref		ref
Low risk (n = 252)	1.942 (1.428,2.642)	< 0.001	1.583 (1.078,2.324)	0.019	1.403 (0.946, 2.082)	0.092	1.410 (0.965, 2.062)	0.076
M/S risk (n = 40)	2.248 (1.201,4.210)	0.011	2.675 (1.318,5.430)	0.006	2.365 (1.113, 5.024)	0.025	2.291 (1.063, 4.936)	0.034
p for trend		< 0.001		0.023		0.123		0.105

Calculated using multivariate COX regression analysis was performed
Crude Model: no adjustment
Model1: Adjusted for age, sex, hypertension, CKD, and CVD
Model2: Adjusted for age, sex, hypertension, CKD and CVD, education level, marital status, race/ethnicity, smoking status, alcohol consumption, lymphocyte, neutrophils, HbA1, glucose, cholesterol, uric acid, creatinine, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, C-reactive protein, triglyceride, eGFR
Model3: Adjusted for age, sex, hypertension, CKD and CVD, education level, marital status, race/ethnicity, smoking status, alcohol consumption, lymphocyte, neutrophils, HbA1, glucose, cholesterol, uric acid, creatinine, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, C-reactive protein, triglyceride, eGFR, Antihypertensive drugs, Hypoglycemic drugs, insulin, Antihyperlipidemic Agents

ISSN: 1758-5996