Table 3 Sensitivity analyses of the association between statin use and sepsis among patients with T2DM
From: Optimal statin use for prevention of sepsis in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Subpopulation or exposure | No. of patients | Sepsis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. of Sepsis | aHR* | 95% CI | P value | ||
Age group, y | |||||
  ≤ 50 | 283,159 | 19,762 | 0.34 | (0.31, 0.35) |  < 0.0001 |
 51–60 | 218,267 | 21,908 | 0.35 | (0.32, 0.36) |  < 0.0001 |
 61–70 | 164,508 | 26,945 | 0.38 | (0.36, 0.40) |  < 0.0001 |
  ≥ 71 | 146,486 | 40,870 | 0.39 | (0.35, 0.42) |  < 0.0001 |
Sex | |||||
 Female | 380,418 | 51,342 | 0.37 | (0.35, 0.38) |  < 0.0001 |
 Male | 432,002 | 58,142 | 0.36 | (0.34, 0.37) |  < 0.0001 |
Income levels (NTD) | |||||
 1. Low income | 12,041 | 3265 | 0.36 | (0.31, 0.40) |  < 0.0001 |
 2. Financial dependent | 251,412 | 55,673 | 0.37 | (0.35, 0.44) |  < 0.0001 |
 3.  ≤ 20 000 | 385,432 | 5389 | 0.36 | (0.34, 0.40) |  < 0.0001 |
 4. 20 001–30 000 | 76,087 | 2998 | 0.38 | (0.34, 0.41) |  < 0.0001 |
 5. 30 001–45 000 | 55,238 | 1357 | 0.35 | (0.30, 0.40) |  < 0.0001 |
 6.  > 45 000 | 32,210 | 40,803 | 0.41 | (0.34, 0.49) |  < 0.0001 |
Urbanization | |||||
 Rural | 230,663 | 38,083 | 0.36 | (0.34, 0.37) |  < 0.0001 |
 Urban | 581,757 | 71,402 | 0.37 | (0.35, 0.38) |  < 0.0001 |
Types of antidiabetic drugs used | |||||
 Zero | 294,033 | 30,139 | 0.40 | (0.36, 0.45) |  < 0.0001 |
 One type | 203,068 | 26,415 | 0.39 | (0.36, 0.42) |  < 0.0001 |
 Combined two types | 203,069 | 28,121 | 0.36 | (0.35, 0.40) |  < 0.0001 |
 Combined three types | 81,498 | 16,909 | 0.32 | (0.29, 0.36) |  < 0.0001 |
  ≥ 4 types | 30,752 | 7902 | 0.29 | (0.27, 0.34) |  < 0.0001 |
Antidiabetic drugs | |||||
 Insulin | 104,152 | 21,872 | 0.44 | (0.40, 0.48) |  < 0.0001 |
 Metformin | 378,934 | 68,208 | 0.28 | (0.26, 0.35) |  < 0.0001 |
 SU | 393,213 | 82 574 | 0.37 | (0.35, 0.40) |  < 0.0001 |
 AGI | 49,355 | 9,874 | 0.36 | (0.33, 0.38) |  < 0.0001 |
 TZD | 35,201 | 7,043 | 0.37 | (0.33, 0.39) |  < 0.0001 |
 DPP4i | 637 | 144 | 0.41 | (0.31, 0.51) |  < 0.0001 |
 SGLT2i | 6,157 | 1,354 | 0.42 | (0.30, 0.49) |  < 0.0001 |
 Others | 46,509 | 21,500 | 0.39 | (0.34, 0.41) |  < 0.0001 |
aDCSI score | |||||
 0 | 427,080 | 38 752 | 0.40 | (0.33, 0.43) |  < 0.0001 |
 1 | 172,323 | 20,273 | 0.38 | (0.35, 0.40) |  < 0.0001 |
 2 | 119,930 | 23,183 | 0.34 | (0.32, 0.38) |  < 0.0001 |
  ≥ 3 | 93,087 | 27,276 | 0.32 | (0.30, 0.34) |  < 0.0001 |
CCI score | |||||
 0 | 427,080 | 38,752 | 0.38 | (0.36, 0.40) |  < 0.0001 |
  ≥ 1 | 366,467 | 61,426 | 0.34 | (0.33, 0.41) |  < 0.0001 |
Coexisting comorbidities | |||||
 Hypertension | 377,673 | 65,991 | 0.37 | (0.35, 0.38) |  < 0.0001 |
 Rheumatoid arthritis | 24,373 | 4497 | 0.35 | (0.30, 0.39) |  < 0.0001 |
 Ankylosing spondylitis | 11,821 | 1905 | 0.36 | (0.30, 0.41) |  < 0.0001 |
 Psoriasis | 6003 | 1037 | 0.32 | (0.25, 0.39) |  < 0.0001 |
 Psoriatic arthritis | 553 | 134 | 0.14 | (0.06, 0.31) |  < 0.0001 |
 Crohn’s disease | 11,478 | 1863 | 0.35 | (0.29, 0.40) |  < 0.0001 |
 Ulcerative colitis | 1745 | 287 | 0.36 | (0.23, 0.53) |  < 0.0001 |
 COPD | 154,478 | 30,107 | 0.36 | (0.33, 0.38) |  < 0.0001 |
 Chronic liver disease | 183,748 | 25,026 | 0.32 | (0.30, 0.36) |  < 0.0001 |
 Chronic kidney disease | 15,948 | 5053 | 0.33 | (0.31, 0.36) |  < 0.0001 |
 Heart failure | 44,693 | 12,089 | 0.36 | (0.33, 0.38) |  < 0.0001 |
 Coronary artery disease | 167,000 | 32,251 | 0.38 | (0.35, 0.40) |  < 0.0001 |
 Stroke | 96,745 | 24,094 | 0.33 | (0.31, 0.35) |  < 0.0001 |
 Coagulopathy | 1321 | 330 | 0.17 | (0.12, 0.24) |  < 0.0001 |
 Dementia | 17,003 | 5743 | 0.31 | (0.27, 0.34) |  < 0.0001 |
 Psychosis | 1656 | 372 | 0.48 | (0.34, 0.68) |  < 0.0001 |
 Ankylosing spondylitis | 11,821 | 1905 | 0.34 | (0.30, 0.41) |  < 0.0001 |
 SLE | 14,718 | 3224 | 0.32 | (0.28, 0.36) |  < 0.0001 |
 Cancer | 33,684 | 6,733 | 0.30 | (0.25, 0.39) |  < 0.0001 |
DDD | |||||
  ≤ 1 | 764,110 | 104,395 | 0.33 | (0.32, 0.37) |  < 0.0001 |
  > 1 | 48,309 | 5089 | 0.57 | (0.45, 0.69) |  < 0.0001 |