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Table 3 Symptom frequencies of participants and median of total symptom score (TIS) according to gender

From: Autonomic neuropathic symptoms in patients with diabetes: practical tools for screening in daily routine

  

(%) Affected

Median (± interquartile range) TIS

SAS questions

Item

Males

Females

Males

Females

1

Lightheadedness?

44.8

48.8

3.0 (± 1.5)

3.0 (± 3.0)

2

Dry mouth or dry eyes?

55.2

67.5

3.0 (± 1.0)

3.0 (± 2.5)

3

Feet pale or blue?

20.7

25.0

1.5 (± 3.0)

3.0 (± 4.0)

4

Feet colder than the rest of your body?

24.1

37.5

3.0 (± 3.0)

3.0 (± 2.0)

5

Sweating in your feet decreased compared to

the rest of your body?

41.4

50.0

2.0 (± 2.0)

3.0 (± 2.0)

6

Sweating in your feet decreased or absent

(exercise/hot weather)?

44.8

48.8

1.0 (± 1.0)

3.0 (± 2.0)

7

Sweating in your hands increased compared

to the rest of your body?

6.9

16.3

1.0 (± 0.0)

3.0 (± 3.0)

8

Nausea, vomiting, or bloating after eating a

small meal?

27.6

45.0

3.0 (± 0.8)

4.0 (± 3.0)

9

Persistent diarrhea?

6.9

17.5

4.0 (± 0.0)

4.5 (± 1.5)

10

Persistent constipation?

10.3

37.5

2.0 (± 4.0)

4.0 (± 2.0)

11

Leaking of urine?

6.9

30.0

4.5 (± 0.0)

5.0 (± 2.0)

12

Difficulty obtaining an erection (men)?

37.9

-

4.0 (± 0.2.0)

 

TOTAL

   

7.00 (± 7.50)

12.50 (± 15.0)