Table 1 Demographic characteristics of the study population
|  | TyG < 8.5 (N = 204) | TyG 8.5–9 (N = 311) | TyG > 9 (N = 426) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (SD) (y.o.) | 50.0 (15.5) | 50.6 (16.0) | 53.6 (14.4) | 0.004 |
Female (%) | 125 (61.3%) | 164 (52.7%) | 241 (56.6%) | 0.159 |
Race (%) |  |  |  |  < 0.001 |
 White | 89 (43.6%) | 163 (52.4%) | 228 (53.5%) |  |
 Black | 64 (31.4%) | 62 (19.9%) | 57 (13.4%) |  |
 Mexican American | 13 (6.37%) | 40 (12.9%) | 70 (16.4%) |  |
 Other | 38 (18.6%) | 46 (14.8%) | 71 (16.7%) |  |
 BMI (SD) (kg/m2) | 28.6 (7.37) | 29.3 (6.31) | 30.4 (6.60) | 0.004 |
 Poverty ratio (SD) | 2.46 (1.65) | 2.29 (1.56) | 2.34 (1.55) | 0.504 |
 DLCN score (SD) | 3.51 (0.79) | 3.57 (0.84) | 3.61 (0.99) | 0.397 |
DM status (%) |  |  |  |  < 0.001 |
 DM | 16 (7.92%) | 38 (12.8%) | 159 (39.2%) |  |
 IFG | 12 (5.94%) | 32 (10.7%) | 55 (13.5%) |  |
 IGT | 11 (5.45%) | 26 (8.72%) | 27 (6.65%) |  |
 No | 163 (80.7%) | 202 (67.8%) | 165 (40.6%) |  |
Education status (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.005 |
 College or above | 108 (53.2%) | 147 (47.4%) | 165 (38.9%) |  |
 High school or equivalent | 50 (24.6%) | 72 (23.2%) | 111 (26.2%) |  |
 Less than high school | 45 (22.2%) | 91 (29.4%) | 148 (34.9%) |  |
 Drink (%) | 132 (64.7%) | 187 (60.1%) | 235 (55.2%) | 0.064 |
 Smoke (%) | 107 (52.7%) | 176 (57.5%) | 246 (57.7%) | 0.748 |
 ASCVD (%) | 59 (29.1%) | 89 (29.1%) | 146 (34.4%) | 0.126 |
 Hypertension (%) | 98 (48.0%) | 145 (46.6%) | 223 (52.3%) | 0.275 |
 SBP (SD) (mmHg) | 126 (23.0) | 125 (19.3) | 129 (20.7) | 0.025 |
 DBP (SD) (mmHg) | 71.8 (13.0) | 70.7 (12.6) | 72.1 (13.6) | 0.388 |
 HbA1c (SD) (%) | 5.5 (0.5) | 5.7 (0.7) | 6.5 (2.0) |  < 0.001 |
 Fasting insulin (μU/mL) | 9.15 (6.45) | 13.9 (28.7) | 16.6 (17.3) |  < 0.001 |
Fasting glucose (SD) (mmol/L) | 5.35 (0.66) | 5.59 (0.93) | 7.32 (3.56) |  < 0.001 |
 HOMA-IR index (SD) | 2.22 (1.70) | 3.52 (7.29) | 5.61 (8.81) |  < 0.001 |
 ALT (SD) (U/L) | 23.9 (15.7) | 26.8 (27.0) | 34.2 (96.5) | 0.139 |
 AST (SD) (U/L) | 26.4 (21.6) | 26.8 (31.2) | 27.0 (18.7) | 0.952 |
 Creatinine (SD) (μmol/L) | 76.1 (22.3) | 75.8 (26.3) | 77.8 (32.4) | 0.593 |
 Fasting TG (SD) (mg/dL) | 79.3 (18.6) | 128 (24.9) | 216 (72.1) |  < 0.001 |
 Fasting TC (SD) (mg/dL) | 255 (56.5) | 262 (53.0) | 280 (60.6) |  < 0.001 |
 HDL-C (SD) (mg/dL) | 61.2 (17.9) | 52.3 (13.6) | 47.9 (13.7) |  < 0.001 |
 LDL-C (SD) (mg/dL) | 178 (53.3) | 184 (49.0) | 190 (55.7) | 0.038 |