Table 1 Clinical, antropometric data and vascular function from subjects with type 1 diabetes and controls

Female sex (%)

50

50

Age (years)

34 (29–40)

34 (30–46)

BMI (kg/m²)

22.9 (20.3–26.6)

24.4 (23.2–26.60)

Abdominal circumference (cm)

89 (80–96)

86 (79–95)

Time of T1D (years)

22 (16 – 30)

NA

Age at T1D diagnosis (years)

11.5 (6 – 18)

NA

Hypertension, n (%)

15 (30%)

0

HbA1c (%)

8.3 (6.9–9.3)

5.4 (5.0–5.5)

Fructosamine (µmol/L)

362 (336–421)

226 (215–237)

TC (mg/dL)

163 (145–184)

186.5 (153–199)

HDLc (mg/dL)

57 (48–67)

56.5 (46–68)

LDLc (mg/dL)

86.5 (75–104)

97 (86–120)

TG (mg/dL)

69 (57–93)

86 (68–134)

eGFR (mL/min/1.73m²)

103.5 (90.2–117.2)

101.0 (89.7–100.1)

Albuminuria (mg/g creatinine)

6.1 (4.2–16.4)

NA

Retinopathy. n (%)

24 (48%)

Albuminuria. n (%)

 A1: < 30 mg/g creatinine

40 (80%)

 A2: 30–300 mg/g creatinine

8 (16%)

 A3: > 300 mg/g creatinine

2 (4%)

Stages of kidney function—eGFR (mL/min/1.73m²)

 G1: ≥ 90

38 (76%)

 G2: 60–89

8 (16%)

 G3a: 45–59

2 (4%)

 G3b: 30–44

1 (2%)

 G4: 15–29

0

 G5: < 15

1 (2%)

Peripheral neuropathy, n (%)

6 (12%)

CAN, n (%)

15 (30%)

Medications, n (%)

Statins

20 (40%)

 Atorvastatin

10 (20%)

 Simvastatin

10 (20%)

ACEi

12 (24%)

ARB

7 (14%)

Thiazide Diuretics

7 (14%)

Spironolactone

1 (2%)

Beta blocker

2 (4%)

CCB

1 (2%)

Hydralazine

1 (2%)

Ten-year ASCVDR estimate (%)

 Steno T1 Engine

6.9 (4.2–15.6)

 QRISK3

4.5 (2.0–7.6)

PWV (m/s)

7.7 (6.9—8.4)

6.7 (6.1–7.3)

Brachial artery diameter (mm)

3.8 (3.2–4.3)

3.7 (3.3–4.5)

FMD after RH (%)

2.7 (− 0.1 to 8.6)

7.4 (2.7–9.7)

FMD after nitrate (%)

18.4 (14.1–4.6)

–