Table 2 GRADE assessment
Certainty assessment | â„– of patients | Certainty | Importance | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Intervention of studies | Study design | Risk of bias | Inconsistency | Indirectness | Imprecision | Publication bias | Intervention group | Control group | ||
Incidence of new-onset AF (No of studies: 7) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Critical | |||
 SGLT2i vs Placebo | Randomised trials | Serious | Not serious | Not serious | Serious | None | 25/2984 (0.8%) | 26/2701 (1.0%) | Low |  |
 Finerenone vs Placebo | Randomised trials | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | Serious | None | 123/7246 (1.7%) | 155/6601 (2.3%) | Moderate |  |
Major adverse cardiovascular events (No of studies: 10) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Important | ||||
 SGLT2i vs Placebo | Randomised trials | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | None | 856/10345 (8.3%) | 940/9642 (9.7%) | High |  |
 Finerenone vs Placebo | Randomised trials | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | None | 686/6519 (10.5%) | 777/6507 (11.9%) | High |  |
Hospitalization for heart failure (No of studies: 10) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Important | |||
 SGLT2i vs Placebo | Randomised trials | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | Serious | None | 281/10345 (2.7%) | 410/9642 (4.3%) | Moderate |  |
 Finerenone vs Placebo | Randomised trials | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | Serious | None | 256/6519 (3.9%) | 325/6507 (5.0%) | Moderate |  |
Nonfatal stroke (No of studies: 8) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Important | ||
 SGLT2i vs Placebo | Randomised trials | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | Serious | None | 146/8890 (1.6%) | 158/8191 (1.9%) | Moderate |  |
 Finerenone vs Placebo | Randomised trials | Not serious | not serious | not serious | Serious | None | 198/6519 (3.0%) | 198/6507 (3.0%) | Moderate |  |
Adverse events (No of studies:6) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Important | ||
 SGLT2i vs Placebo | Randomised trials | Serious | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | Suspected | 5807/7857 (73.9%) | 5758/7674 (75.0%) | Low |  |
 Finerenone vs Placebo | Randomised trials | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | None | 6035/7246 (83.3%) | 5654/6601 (85.7%) | High |  |
Serious adverse events (No of studies:10) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Important | ||
 SGLT2i vs Placebo | Randomised trials | Serious | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | None | 631/13197 (4.8%) | 597/11689 (5.1%) | Moderate |  |
 Finerenone vs Placebo | Randomised trials | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | None | 2095/7246 (28.9%) | 2189/6601 (33.2%) | High |  |
Serious hyperkalemia (No of studies:4) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Important | ||
 SGLT2i vs Placebo | Randomised trials | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | Serious | None | 10/2202 (0.5%) | 10/2199 (0.5%) | Moderate |  |
 Finerenone vs Placebo | Randomised trials | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | Serious | None | 74/7246 (1.0%) | 16/6601 (0.2%) | Moderate |  |