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Table 2 Univariate and multivariate analysis of patient’s characteristics for predicting DR-worsening

From: A prediction model for worsening diabetic retinopathy after panretinal photocoagulation

Variables

Univariate analysis

Multivariate analysis

OR 95% CI

P value

OR 95% CI

P value

Age

0.95 (0.93, 0.98)

0.003**

0.94 (0.90, 0.98)

0.006**

Sex

0.62 (0.31, 1.24)

0.177

0.72 (0.25, 2.07)

0.550

Baseline BCVA (logMAR)

6.72 (2.78, 16.25)

 < 0.001**

10.74 (1.84, 62.52)

0.008**

Diabetes duration

0.99 (0.94, 1.04)

0.679

  

Type of diabetes

0.23 (0.03, 2.02)

0.185

0.59 (0.03, 10.07)

0.712

Stage of DR

1.64 (0.80, 3.37)

0.180

0.96 (0.36, 2.51)

0.928

Diabetic nephropathy

11.11 (3.17, 38.89)

 < 0.001**

9.32 (1.49, 58.46)

0.017*

Diabetic neuropathy

4.09 (0.85, 19.68)

0.079

2.48 (0.33, 18.64)

0.377

Coronary heart disease

1.36 (0.42, 4.39)

0.609

  

Prior Stroke

0.82 (0.11, 5.99)

0.845

  

Hyperlipidemia

4.40 (1.89, 10.24)

0.001**

3.34 (1.05, 10.66)

0.042*

Hypertension

1.11 (0.82, 1.50)

0.512

  

BMI

0.99 (0.90, 1.08)

0.810

  

Homocysteine

1.02 (0.97, 1.07)

0.537

  

Fasting blood glucose

1.07 (0.94, 1.22)

0.318

  

Urea

1.01 (1.00, 1.02)

0.049*

1.21 (0.89, 1.64)

0.231

Creatinine

1.41 (1.14, 1.74)

0.002**

1.00 (0.99, 1.01)

0.883

Uric acid

1.00 (1.00, 1.01)

0.053

1.00 (0.99, 1.00)

0.251

Total cholesterol

1.22 (0.90, 1.65)

0.198

0.83 (0.52, 1.31)

0.928

Triglyceride

1.18 (0.87, 1.61)

0.287

  

High-density lipoprotein

1.24 (0.48, 3.24)

0.657

  

Low-density lipoprotein

1.10 (0.77, 1.58)

0.591

  

Serum superoxide dismutase

1.00 (0.99, 1.02)

0.879

  

Glycosylated serum protein

1.00 (1.00, 1.01)

0.347

  

Serum cystatin C

3.31 (1.18, 9.31)

0.023*

0.66 (0.12, 3.63)

0.636

Hemoglobin

0.99 (0.97, 1.01)

0.148

0.95 (0.85, 1.07)

0.392

Hematocrit

0.00 (0.00, 2.67)

0.095

 > 10.00 (0.001- > 10.00)

0.254

Platelet

1.00 (0.99, 1.01)

0.653

  

Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio

1.21 (0.86, 1.68)

0.271

  
  1. BCVA best corrected visual acuity, DR diabetic retinopathy, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, BMI body mass index
  2. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01
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Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome

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