Improved glycemic status, insulin resistance and inflammation after receiving oral oleoylethanolamide supplement in people with prediabetes: a randomized controlled trial

Table 3 Changes in baseline to endpoint measures for glycemic status and inflammatory factor in two groups

Variables	Mean ± SD Placebo (n = 21)	Mean ± SD Oleoylethanolamide (n = 22)	P1	P2
FBS (mg/dL)
Baseline	114.75 ± 5.16	116.04 ± 4.57	0.394	0.394
End	113.95 ± 5.43	101.681 ± 2.95	0.01	0.01
P3	0.401	0.01
Mean changes	− 0.8 ± 0.27	− 14.35 ± 1.62	0.03	0.03
2hpp (mg/dL)
Baseline	161 ± 9.14	162.50 ± 12.62	0.66	0.66
End	159.05 ± 9.88	136.68 ± 10.94	0.01	0.01
P3	0.52	0.01
Mean changes	− 1.95 ± 0.73	− 25.82 ± 1.68	0.041	0.041
HbA₁c (%)
Baseline	6.340 ± 0.565	6.486 ± 0.535	0.394	0.394
End	6.250 ± 0.583	5.590 ± 0.361	0.01	0.01
P3	0.311	0.01
Mean changes	− 0.09 ± 0.02	− 0.89 ± 0.17	0.02	0.02
Insulin (µU/ml)
Baseline	12.37 ± 1.77	12.36 ± 1.73	0.378	0.378
End	12.2 ± 1.75	10.12 ± 1.11	0.01	0.01
P3	0.329	0.01
Mean changes	− 0.17 ± 0.01	− 2.24 ± 0.62	0.031	0.031
HOMA-IR
Baseline	3.51 ± 0.64	3.546 ± 0.587	0.269	0.269
End	3.44 ± 0.63	2.537 ± 0.287	0.01	0.01
P3	0.207	0.01
Mean changes	− 0.07 ± 0.01	− 1.01 ± 0.3	0.038	0.038
CRP (µM)
Baseline	7.99 ± 0.54	7.87 ± 0.52	0.46	0.46
End	7.91 ± 0.59	7.03 ± 0.68	0.03	0.03
P3	0.39	0.034
Mean changes	− 0.08 ± 0.05	− 0.84 ± 0.16	0.02	0.02

Data are expressed as means ± SD
FBS fasting blood sugar, 2-hpp 2-hour post prandial, HOMA-IR homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, HbA₁c hemoglobin A₁c, CRP C-reactive protein
P1: Comparison the mean of glycemic status and inflammatory factor between the two groups of OEA and placebo (Independent samples t-test)
P2: Comparison the mean of glycemic status and inflammatory factor between the two groups of OEA and placebo were resulted from ANCOVA in the adjusted models (adjusted for BMI, Physical activity and Metformin)
P3: Comparison of mean of glycemic status and inflammatory factor in each group at baseline and end of study (Paired samples t- test)

ISSN: 1758-5996