Table 1 General characteristics of included studies
From: Metabolic syndrome and esophageal cancer risk: a systematic review and meta‑analysis
Author (year) | Country/period | Study design | Sample size (men/women) | Mean age or age range | EC assessment method | Defnition of MetS | OR (95% CI) | Adjustment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Drahos (2016) [14] | United Kingdom/1992–2012 | Population based case–control study | Exp: 592 (474/118) Con: 2901 (2319/582) | Exp: 69.2 ± 11.3 Con: 68.9 ± 11.2 | Medical records | NCEP-ATP III | 1.01 (0.65–1.56) | Age, years of CPRD data prior to selection, sex |
Drahos (2017) [24] | United States of America/2003–2009 | Population based case–control study | Exp: 3167 (2481/686) Con: 15,835 (12,405/3430) | Exp: 78.0 ± 6.5 Con: 78.0 ± 6.5 | ICD-9, ICD-O | NCEP-ATP III | 1.16 (1.06, 1.26) | Age, sex, race, registry, smoking, history of GERD |
Duggan (2013) [25] | United States of America/1995–2009 | Hospital based prospective cohort | All: 392 (321/71) | All: 61.0 ± 11.5 | Medical records | IDF, AHA | 1.14 (0.56–2.36) | Age, sex, BMI, cigarette pack-years, regular NSAID use |
Ko (2016) [26] | South Korea/2002–2013 | Population based retrospective cohort | Exp: 17,989 (12,618/5371) Con: 81,576 (49,140/32,436) | ≥ 20 | ICD-10 | ≥ 3 metabolic abnormalities | 0.51 (0.25–1.04) | Age, smoking status, alcohol intake, regular exercise |
Lin (2015) [27] | Norway/1994–2010 | Population based prospective cohort | All: 192,903 (93,058/99,845) | All: 49.5 ± 15.7 | ICD-7, ICD-O-3 | ≥ 3 metabolic abnormalities | 1.19 (0.82–1.74) | Age, sex, BMI, education, smoking status; family cancer history |
Lindkvist (2014) [15] | Austria, Norway, Sweden/1972–2005 | Population based prospective cohort | All: 577,259 (288,930/288,329) | All: 44.0 ± 11.7 | ICD, ICD-7, ICD-O-1, ICD-O-2 | 5 metabolic abnormalities | 1.26 (1.06–1.50) | Sex, age, smoking status |