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Table 3 Clinical and demographic characteristics stratified according awareness of hypoglycemia evaluated by the Clarke and Gold questionnaires

From: Hypoglycemia symptoms and awareness of hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes mellitus: cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Portuguese version of three questionnaires and evaluation of its risk factors

 

Clarke

Gold

Aware (n = 76)

IAH (n = 47)

p

Aware (n = 92)

IAH (n = 31)

p

IAH (%)

61.7

38.3

 

74.8

25.2

 

Sex (% male)

33.1

17.9

 

42.3

8.9

 

Age

38.01 (11.16)

42.09 (11.73)

0.060

39.2 (11.25)

40.68 (12.36)

0.558

BMI

24.19 (3.42)

24.56 (3.59)

0.568

24.17 (3.42)

24.81 (3,60)

0.390

Diabetes duration

20.17 (10.21)

25.91 (9.29)

0.002

21.53 (10.32)

24.84 (9.64)

0.110

Insulin dose

0.72 (0.23)

0.69 (0.20)

0.467

0.71 (0.22)

0.69 (0.20)

0.640

Glycaemia

191.79 (106.53)

166.43 (102.62)

0.196

192.61 (110.8)

150.9 (80.9)

0.028

HbA1C (%)

8.62 (1.52)

8.09 (1.36)

0.047

8.52 (1.49)

8.13 (1.41)

0.199

GFRe (mL/min/1,73 m2)

84.05 (36,4)

59.96 (40,68)

0.001

75.82 (39.55)

71.97 (40.65)

0.648

No of hypoglycemia/week

2.2 (1.53)

3.43 (1.97)

0.000

2.38 (1.64)

3.52 (2.03)

0.007

No severe hypoglycemia in 6 m

0.93 (1.82)

3.74 (3.27)

0.000

1.43 (2.13)

3.71 (3.81)

0.003

No severe hypoglycemia in 12 m

2.05 (3.97)

7.28 (6.10)

0.000

3.12 (4.71)

6.81 (6.70)

0.001

Intravenous glucose need

0.11 (0.32)

0.63 (0.48)

0.000

0.25 (0.43)

0.5161 (0.50)

0.006

  1. Variables are described as mean (SD) or percentage (%)