Zinc supplementation improves body weight management, inflammatory biomarkers and insulin resistance in individuals with obesity: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial

Table 3 Anthropometric parameters in Zinc and Control groups

Variable	Time	Zinc group	Placebo group	P^*
Body weight (kg)	Baseline	89.59 ± 17.10	88.41 ± 12.46	0.781
	Week 7	83.16 ± 14.52	87.09 ± 12.53	0.312
	Week 15	84.99 ± 13.41	86.93 ± 12.34	0.597
	P**	0.020	0.007
	Mean change^a	− 4.60 ± 8.80	− 1.48 ± 2.37	0.093
	P^***			0.032
BMI (kg/m²)	Baseline	33.17 ± 6.34	32.64 ± 2.37	0.701
	Week 7	30.66 ± 4.10	32.16 ± 2.63	0.129
	Week 15	31.50 ± 5.08	32.09 ± 2.31	0.599
	P**	0.024	0.007
	Mean change	− 1.66 ± 3.33	− 0.55 ± .89	0.113
	P^***			0.025
Waist circumference (cm)	Baseline	99.48 ± 10.19	99.32 ± 9.42	0.954
	Week 7	96.80 ± 10.07	98.10 ± 9.44	0.639
	Week 15	94.36 ± 10.31	97.82 ± 9.90	0.231
	P***	0.105	0.023
	Mean change	− 5.12 ± 6.67	− 1.49 ± 3.52	0.020
	P^***			0.003
Hip circumference (cm)	Baseline	114.72 ± 8.77	115.16 ± 5.49	0.833
	Week 7	111.83 ± 8.17	114.68 ± 5.64	0.159
	Week 15	109.84 ± 7.53	114.68 ± 5.68	0.013
	P**	0.0001	0.063
	Mean change	− 4.88 ± 3.58	− 0.48 ± 1.04	0.0001
	P^***			0.0001
WHR	Baseline	0.87 ± 0.09	0.86 ± 0.06	0.734
	Week 7	0.86 ± 0.07	0.85 ± 0.06	0.597
	Week 15	0.86 ± 0.11	0.85 ± 0.07	0.710
	P**	0.864	0.149	0.880
	Mean change	− 0.07 ± 0.053	− 0.009 ± 0.028	0.880
	P^***			0.682

All values are mean ± SD
^aMean change for the 15-week period
P*: p-values for comparison of variables between two group by independent T-test
P**: p-values for comparison of variables within groups by analysis of variance for repeated measurement
P***: p-values for comparison between mean changes of variables by Analysis of covariance (adjusted for age, mean change of calorie intake, mean change of zinc intake)

ISSN: 1758-5996