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Table 1 Baseline characteristics/clinical factors

From: Glycemic variability is associated with vascular calcification by the markers of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related apoptosis, Wnt1, galectin-3 and BMP-2

Variable

HCS group (n = 31)

LCS group (n = 53)

p Value

Sex, M/F

21/10

36/17

0.82

Age, years

63 ± 10

61 ± 11

0.39

History of hypertension

24

28

0.04

History of dyslipidemia

15

25

0.91

History of stroke

5

10

0.98

Current smoker

18

28

0.81

Previous MI

9

13

0.84

Previous PCI

5

8

0.85

No. diseased vessels

 LM

5

5

0.57

 1

7

25

0.04

 2

10

18

0.94

 3

14

10

0.02

LVEDD, mm (before discharge)

48 ± 7

47 ± 9

0.57

LVEF, % (before discharge)

52 ± 9

51 ± 10

0.64

Blood sugar at admission, mmol/L

8.9 ± 1.5

8.1 ± 1.8

0.03

GHbA1c, %

7.4 ± 0.8

7.2 ± 1.2

0.36

Serum creatinine at admission, μmol/L

117.2 ± 29.9

101.4 ± 26.3

0.01

Total cholesterol, mmol/L

5.85 ± 1.72

5.79 ± 1.96

0.88

LDL-C, mmol/L

3.73 ± 0.69

3.69 ± 0.85

0.81

HDL-C, mmol/L

1.19 ± 0.55

1.23 ± 0.49

0.74

GRACE risk score in-hospital

129 ± 37

112 ± 38

0.04

GRACE risk score ≥ 140

16

14

0.04

Means of glucose values during hospitalization

10.3 ± 1.2

9.9 ± 1.5

0.21

Glycemic variability (SD) mmol/L

2.37 ± 0.82

1.87 ± 0.78

0.007

  1. Values are given as n (%) or mean ± SD
  2. HCS high calcification score, LCS low calcification score, M male, F female, MI myocardial infarction, PCI percutaneous coronary intervention, LM left main, LVEDD left ventricular end diastolic diameter, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, GHbA1c glycated hemoglobin A1c, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, GRACE Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events, SD standard deviation