Variable | Baseline | 6Â months | 12Â months | 24Â months | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Waist (cm) | |||||
 Chloroquine | 110.4 ± 10.5 | 112.5 ± 12.6 | 112.6 ± 13.6 | 113.2 ± 16.6 | 0.5578 (12 m) |
 Placebo | 108.9 ± 11.8 | 110.4 ± 13.8 | 109.8 ± 12.4 | 108.9 ± 15.9 |  |
Weight (kg) | |||||
 Chloroquine | 102.9 ± 16.7 | 102.9 ± 16.7 | 103.1 ± 19.2 | 105.9 ± 20.4 | 0.1323 |
 Placebo | 99.7 ± 18.5 | 98.7 ± 18.5 | 99.2 ± 17.8 | 100.5 ± 21.2 | 0.1909 (t test 24 m) |
Fasting glucose | |||||
 Chloroquine | 5.48 ± 0.53 | 5.36 ± 0.55 | 5.30 ± 0.51 | 5.58 ± 0.73 | 0.2741 (12 m) |
 Placebo | 5.52 ± 0.64 | 5.52 ± 0.62 | 5.51 ± 0.71 | 5.63 ± 0.74 | 0.0930 (t test 12 m) |
Glucose AUC | |||||
 Chloroquine | 16.32 ± 2.46 | 15.94 ± 2.24 | 16.17 ± 2.58 | 16.97 ± 3.20 | 0.2537 |
 Placebo | 16.54 ± 3.49 | 16.87 ± 3.29 | 16.43 ± 3.34 | 17.50 ± 3.85 |  |
Insulin AUC | |||||
 Chloroquine | 1202 ± 681 | 1118 ± 542 | 1143 ± 603 | 1213 ± 716 | 0.2479 |
 Placebo | 1003 ± 524 | 1054 ± 588 | 995 ± 570 | 1022 ± 613 |  |
C peptide AUC | |||||
 Chloroquine | 7.46 ± 2.33 | 7.23 ± 2.10 | 7.16 ± 2.20 | 7.39 ± 2.43 | 0.2918 |
 Placebo | 6.49 ± 1.80 | 6.69 ± 2.06 | 6.46 ± 2.00 | 6.79 ± 2.06 |  |
HOMA-IR | |||||
 Chloroquine | 3.89 ± 2.23 | 3.85 ± 2.21 | 3.57 ± 2.12 | 3.72 ± 3.53 | 0.8421 |
 Placebo | 3.54 ± 2.03 | 3.64 ± 2.08 | 3.30 ± 2.23 | 3.29 ± 2.26 |  |
Matsuda index | |||||
 Chloroquine | 2.89 ± 1.72 | 2.88 ± 1.55 | 3.13 ± 2.31 | 3.43 ± 2.84 | 0.8997 |
 Placebo | 3.21 ± 1.89 | 3.07 ± 1.64 | 3.50 ± 2.14 | 3.56 ± 2.70 |  |
Insulinogenic index | |||||
 Chloroquine | 1.40 ± 1.75 | 1.17 ± 0.87 | 1.24 ± 0.87 | 1.12 ± 0.89 | 0.4988 |
 Placebo | 1.05 ± 0.77 | 1.03 ± 0.67 | 1.09 ± 0.88 | 1.13 ± 1.62 |  |
Glucagon AUC | |||||
 Chloroquine | 174.0 ± 63.5 | 152.3 ± 60.3 | 126.8 ± 43.3 | ND | 0.6126 |
 Placebo | 168.0 ± 60.6 | 138.7 ± 46.7 | 119.8 ± 36.2 | ND | |
Creatinine (μmol/L) | |||||
 Chloroquine | 68 ± 14 | 67 ± 15 | 66 ± 15 | ND | 0.7859 |
 Placebo | 66 ± 16 | 65 ± 17 | 65 ± 17 |  |  |
ALT | |||||
 Chloroquine | 26 ± 16 | 26 ± 19 | 26 ± 15 | ND | 0.2056 |
 Placebo | 25 ± 12 | 27 ± 16 | 23 ± 9 | ND |  |
WBC count | |||||
 Chloroquine | 6.7 ± 1.8 | 6.3 ± 1.6 | 6.0 ± 1.5 | ND | 0.7249 |
 Placebo | 6.5 ± 1.7 | 6.3 ± 1.8 | 6.1 ± 1.9 | ND |  |
Hemoglobin | |||||
 Chloroquine | 13.6 ± 1.1 | 13.3 ± 1.1 | 13.2 ± 1.2 | ND | 0.8953 |
 Placebo | 13.8 ± 0.8 | 13.5 ± 0.9 | 13.5 ± 0.9 | ND |  |