A randomized controlled trial comparing the effects of dapagliflozin and DPP-4 inhibitors on glucose variability and metabolic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus on insulin

Table 3 Changes between baseline and endpoint in metabolic and laboratory markers in the two groups

Variables	Dapagliflozin (n = 14)	DPP-4 inhibitors (n = 15)	Change difference between groups p value
Variables	Mean change (95% CI)	Mean change (95% CI)	Change difference between groups p value
HbA1c (%)	0.48 (0.17 to 0.79)^††	0.24 (−0.13 to 0.61)	0.30
Glycated albumin (%)^a	1.04 (−0.14 to 2.21)	0.55 (−0.91 to 2.01)	0.58
Body mass index (kg m⁻²)	−0.90 (−1.42 to −0.39)^††	0.12 (−0.12 to 0.36)	0.001
Systolic BP (mmHg)^b	−2.8 (−11.5 to 5.8)	4.5 (−5.7 to 14.6)	0.25
Diastolic BP (mmHg)^b	4.1 (−3.2 to 11.4)	2.0 (−2.9 to 6.9)	0.61
Hemoglobin (g dL⁻¹)^a	0.44 (0.05 to 0.83)^†	0.01 (−0.43 to 0.47)	0.13
Hematocrit (%)^a	1.61 (0.46 to 2.77)^†	−0.23 (−1.61 to 1.15)	0.04
ALT (U L⁻¹)	−2.0 (−26.0 to 6.0)	1.0 (−4.0 to 11.0)	0.03^‡
Uric acid (mg dL⁻¹)	−0.54 (−1.10 to 0.03)	0 (−0.37 to 0.32)	0.11
Estimated GFR [mL min⁻¹ (1.73 m²)⁻¹]	1.3 (−11.7 to 9.0)	3.0 (−4.9 to 13.6)	0.42^‡
Log UACR^a	−0.16 (−0.32 to 0)^†	0.04 (−0.10 to 0.17)	0.05

Values are mean ± SD or median (25–75% CI). P values: mean changes from baseline to the end of the study between the Dapagliflozin group and the DPP-4 inhibitors group. ^† P < 0.05 and ^†† P < 0.01 between baseline and the end of the study, (paired t test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test). ^‡ Mann–Whitney U test
BP blood pressure, ALT alanine-aminotransferase, LDL low-density lipoprotein, HDL high-density lipoprotein, GFR glomerular filtration rate, UACR urine albumin to creatinine ratio
^aData from 28 patients
^bData from 27 patients

ISSN: 1758-5996