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Table 1 Clinical variables of the 101 hypertensive patients with or without metabolic syndrome

From: Low serum adiponectin level is associated with metabolic syndrome and is an independent marker of peripheral arterial stiffness in hypertensive patients

Variables

All participants (n = 101)

No metabolic syndrome (n = 38)

Metabolic syndrome (n = 63)

P value

Age (years)

64.88 ± 9.58

66.13 ± 10.14

64.13 ± 9.23

0.311

Height (cm)

161.27 ± 8.36

162.22 ± 7.24

160.70 ± 8.98

0.377

Body weight (kg)

69.73 ± 13.01

63.34 ± 10.80

73.59 ± 12.78

<0.001*

Waist circumference (cm)

93.37 ± 11.55

84.82 ± 9.44

98.52 ± 9.50

<0.001*

Body mass index (kg/m2)

26.71 ± 3.87

23.99 ± 3.24

28.34 ± 3.27

<0.001*

Left baPWV (m/s)

15.22 ± 3.45

12.65 ± 3.06

16.77 ± 2.67

<0.001*

Right baPWV (m/s)

15.32 ± 3.69

12.46 ± 3.01

17.04 ± 2.91

<0.001*

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

133.44 ± 16.68

128.21 ± 13.70

136.59 ± 17.60

0.014*

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

74.52 ± 10.73

72.34 ± 10.64

75.84 ± 10.65

0.113

Pulse pressure (mmHg)

58.91 ± 14.92

55.87 ± 12.71

60.75 ± 15.92

0.112

Total cholesterol (mg/dL)

174.10 ± 40.81

176.95 ± 39.80

172.38 ± 41.62

0.588

Triglycerides (mg/dL)

127.00 (91.00–177.00)

107.00 (73.75–128.50)

150.00 (104.00–218.00)

<0.001*

HDL-C (mg/dL)

45.06 ± 13.07

50.08 ± 14.25

42.03 ± 11.39

0.002*

LDL-C (mg/dL)

102.29 ± 31.55

105.16 ± 31.71

100.56 ± 31.58

0.480

Fasting glucose (mg/dL)

108.00 (96.00–145.50)

97.50 (89.75–115.25)

122.00 (103.00–161.00)

<0.001*

Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL)

17.38 ± 5.73

16.13 ± 3.97

18.13 ± 6.48

0.090

Creatinine (mg/dL)

1.13 ± 0.32

1.09 ± 0.28

1.15 ± 0.35

0.318

Glomerular filtration rate (mL/min)

68.93 ± 19.98

72.82 ± 19.55

66.59 ± 20.02

0.130

Total calcium (mg/dL)

9.14 ± 0.38

9.03 ± 0.38

9.20 ± 0.36

0.035*

Phosphorus (mg/dL)

3.51 ± 0.52

3.40 ± 0.46

3.58 ± 0.55

0.095

Calcium-phosphorous product (mg2/dL2)

32.09 ± 5.25

30.71 ± 4.66

32.92 ± 5.45

0.041*

Intact parathyroid hormone (pg/mL)

46.35 (32.40–61.90)

49.60 (34.25–67.58)

44.15 (28.88–57.55)

0.009*

C-reactive protein (mg/dL)

0.20 (0.14–0.27)

0.16 (0.12–0.19)

0.24 (0.17–0.36)

<0.001*

Insulin (uIU/mL)

11.99 (7.98–25.16)

9.86 (6.06–15.14)

15.22 (9.22–28.99)

0.004*

HOMA1-IR

3.57 (2.27–7.45)

2.37 (1.50–4.58)

4.35 (2.93–8.72)

0.001*

HOMA2-IR

1.63 (1.10–3.30)

1.32 (0.81–1.97)

2.14 (1.33–3.91)

0.002*

Adiponectin (μg/mL)

28.40 (23.09–39.90)

36.92 (26.53–47.17)

25.55 (21.00–33.66)

<0.001*

Female (%)

34 (33.7)

9 (23.7)

25 (39.7)

0.099

Diabetes (%)

44 (43.6)

9 (23.7)

35 (55.6)

0.002*

  1. Values for continuous variables given as mean ± standard deviation and compared by Student’s t test; variables not normally distributed given as medians and interquartile range and compared by Mann–Whitney U test; values are presented as number (%), and analysis was performed using the Chi square test
  2. baPWV brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HOMA-IR homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance
  3. * P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant
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Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome

ISSN: 1758-5996

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