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Table 3 Results of Cox regression analysis for the effects of risk factors on (A) all-cause and (B) cardiovascular mortality in patients with albuminuria

From: Inpatient screening for albuminuria and retinopathy to predict long-term mortality in type 2 diabetic patients: a retrospective cohort study

 

Univariate model

Multivariate modela

Crude

Model 1

Model 2

HR

95% CI

P

HR

95% CI

P

HR

95% CI

P

(A) All-cause mortality

 Retinopathy (yes/no)

0.840

(0.599, 1.177)

0.310

0.850

(0.595, 1.213)

0.370

0.672

(0.409, 1.104)

0.117

 Urine albumin to creatinine ratiob

1.167

(0.820, 1.662)

0.390

1.359

(0.950, 1.945)

0.094

1.062

(0.664, 1.699)

0.801

 eGFR (every 15 mL/min/1.73 m2)

0.843

(0.769, 0.924)

<0.001

   

0.760

(0.647, 0.893)

<0.001

 Current smoker (yes/no)

1.127

(0.790, 1.606)

0.509

   

0.890

(0.517, 1.532)

0.675

 Diabetes duration (every 1 year)

1.012

(0.991, 1.033)

0.271

   

0.996

(0.967, 1.025)

0.781

 BMI (every 1 kg/m2)

0.980

(0.929, 1.033)

0.453

   

0.981

(0.920, 1.045)

0.551

 Systolic blood pressure (every 10 mmHg)

1.008

(0.906, 1.121)

0.886

   

0.958

(0.826, 1.110)

0.567

 HbA1c (every 1%)

1.004

(0.939, 1.074)

0.895

   

1.024

(0.933, 1.122)

0.621

 Total cholesterol (every 1 mmol/L)

0.949

(0.857, 1.050)

0.313

   

1.073

(0.920, 1.251)

0.368

 Triglycerides (every 1 mmol/L)

0.985

(0.917, 1.058)

0.677

   

0.987

(0.908, 1.073)

0.762

(B) Cardiovascular mortality

 Retinopathy (yes/no)

1.111

(0.671, 1.840)

0.683

1.074

(0.632, 1.825)

0.793

0.937

(0.433, 2.028)

0.868

 Albumin to creatinine ratiob

1.636

(1.021, 2.623)

0.041

1.839

(1.141, 2.965)

0.012

1.965

(1.035, 3.730)

0.039

 eGFR (every 15 mL/min/1.73 m2)

0.849

(0.745, 0.966)

0.013

   

0.721

(0.564, 0.921)

0.009

 Current smoker (yes/no)

1.222

(0.745, 2.004)

0.428

   

1.039

(0.429, 2.518)

0.932

 Diabetes duration (every 1 year)

1.029

(1.000, 1.059)

0.049

   

1.011

(0.969, 1.055)

0.610

 BMI (every 1 kg/m2)

1.003

(0.931, 1.080)

0.942

   

1.010

(0.918, 1.110)

0.843

 Systolic BP (every 10 mmHg)

1.041

(0.876, 1.237)

0.645

   

0.974

(0.776, 1.224)

0.824

 HbA1c (every 1%)

1.021

(0.921, 1.133)

0.689

   

1.049

(0.908, 1.212)

0.515

 Total cholesterol (every 1 mmol/L)

0.861

(0.693, 1.071)

0.179

   

0.952

(0.744, 1.219)

0.697

 Triglycerides (every 1 mmol/L)

0.946

(0.748, 1.197)

0.645

   

1.003

(0.883, 1.139)

0.967

  1. Statistical significance (P < 0.05) is indicated in italics
  2. BMI body mass index, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, HbA1c glycated hemoglobin, CI confidence interval, HR hazard ratio, BP blood pressure
  3. a After adjusted for age and gender
  4. b Because of the skewed distribution, the albumin to creatinine ratio was logarithm-transformed (log) for the analyses
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Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome

ISSN: 1758-5996

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