Prevalence and risk factors of diabetes in a large community-based study in North India: results from a STEPS survey in Punjab, India

Table 2 Prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes in Punjab, India stratified by age group, sex, and type of residence, 2014–2015

Characteristics	Prevalence of pre-diabetes N (%, 95% CI)	Prevalence of diabetes N (%, 95% CI)
Age group (years)
18–24	12 (2.8, 1.6–4.8)	6 (1.4, 0.6–3.0)
25–44	67 (5.2, 4.1–6.5)	61 (4.7, 3.7–6.0)
45–69	77 (9.9, 8.0–12.2)	140 (18.0, 15.5–20.9)
Sex
Male	59 (6.5, 5.1–8.3)	76 (8.4, 6.7–10.3)
Female	97 (6.1, 5.0–7.4)	131 (8.2, 7.0–9.7)
Type of residence
Rural	88 (5.8, 4.7–7.1)	116 (7.6, 6.4–9.1)
Urban	68 (7.0, 5.6–8.8)	91 (9.4, 7.7–11.4)
Overall	156 (6.3, 5.4–7.3)^a	207 (8.3, 7.3–9.4)

Diabetes is defined as individuals diagnosed by a physician and/or on antidiabetic medications and/or those who had fasting blood glucose ≥126 mg/dl (≥7 mmol/l); prediabetes is defined as individuals who had fasting blood glucose ≥ 100 mg/dl (≥5.6 mmol/l) and <126 mg/dl (<7 mmol/l)
^aPrevalence of pre-diabetes based on NPCDCS guidelines- fasting blood glucose ≥ 110 mg/dl (≥6.1 mmol/l) and < 126 mg/dl (<7 mmol/l) is (6.0, 5.0–7.1) the figures in the parentheses are expressed as percentages with 95% confidence intervals

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