|
Areas under the curve
|
Baseline
|
Nateglinide
|
p
|
Baseline
|
Rosiglitazone
|
p
|
|---|
|
After 4 months
|
After 4 months
|
|---|
|
Median
|
(25th–75th)
|
Median
|
(25th–75th)
|
Median
|
(25th–75th)
|
Median
|
(25th–75th)
|
|---|
|
Glucose (mg/dL × min)
|
|
Total
|
52,455
|
(4668–60,140)
|
40,245
|
(35,468–48,125)
|
0.001
|
47,340
|
(41,770–57,240)
|
43,670
|
37,820–51,550
|
0.005
|
|
Incremental
|
11,955
|
(9251–15,523)
|
9241
|
(8004–12,805)
|
0.005
|
12,620
|
(8216–16,070)
|
11,070
|
(7595–12,330)
|
0.035
|
|
Insulin (U/mL × min)
|
|
Total
|
6454
|
(5561–9922)
|
9220
|
(5807–16,340)
|
0.008
|
6992
|
(5023–8584)
|
6120
|
4213–7590
|
0.099
|
|
Incremental
|
4107
|
(3277–6917)
|
6442
|
(4255–12,038)
|
0.006
|
4051
|
(2566–5324)
|
3208
|
2658–4756
|
0.049
|
|
Proinsulin (pM × min)
|
|
Total
|
15,460
|
(9841–27,613)
|
16,020
|
(10,705–30,395)
|
0.135
|
12,470
|
(10,230–24,500)
|
11,730
|
7823–18,830
|
0.033
|
|
Incremental
|
8100
|
(5601–12,305)
|
9915
|
(6203–18,713)
|
0.03
|
6668
|
(5505–9680)
|
6263
|
4706–9455
|
0.107
|
|
Glucagon (pg/mL × min)
|
|
Total
|
23,535
|
(21,070–27,958)
|
22,160
|
(19,023–27,795)
|
0.455
|
21,460
|
(16,470–27,140)
|
24,060
|
19,500–25,740
|
0.520
|
|
Incremental
|
3565
|
(2739–5480)
|
3094
|
(2119–5031)
|
0.351
|
3647
|
(2039–4770)
|
3268
|
2344–4302
|
0.748
|
|
GLP1 (pM × min)
|
|
Total
|
46,995
|
(36,463–53,685)
|
48,660
|
(36,773–56,098)
|
0.179
|
42,890
|
(32,640–56,060)
|
42,390
|
37,710–47,390
|
0.872
|
|
Incremental
|
4140
|
(3125–5464)
|
4454
|
(2680–6693)
|
1.000
|
3840
|
(2065–6469)
|
4171
|
2491–5602
|
0.687
|
|
Triglicerides (mg/dL × min)
|
|
Total
|
43,500
|
(30,578–64,283)
|
46,375
|
(35,430–61,880)
|
0.737
|
42,060
|
(32,320–54,510)
|
40,350
|
30,480–59,240
|
0.717
|
|
Incremental
|
9353
|
(5474–15,643)
|
11,120
|
(9132–16,548)
|
0.218
|
10,080
|
(6660–13,170)
|
9106
|
3945–10,580
|
0.044
|
|
Free fat acids (mEq/L ×min)
|
|
Total
|
85.4
|
(75.6–113.6)
|
98.0
|
(81.5–119.1)
|
0.263
|
105.9
|
(79.1–113.3)
|
70.5
|
52.7–80.0
|
0.007
|
|
Glucose/insulin ratio
|
|
Total
|
6.55
|
(5.27–10.01)
|
4.37
|
(2.86–6.62)
|
0.001
|
7.32
|
(5.93–10.61)
|
6.87
|
5.62–10.39
|
0.629
|
|
Incremental
|
2.57
|
(1.72–3.98)
|
1.69
|
(0.77–2.31)
|
0.001
|
2.70
|
(2.26–5.07)
|
2.78
|
1.48–4.45
|
0.398
|
|
Proinsulin/insulin ratio
|
|
Total
|
2.47
|
(1.37–3.11)
|
1.65
|
(1.37–2.17)
|
0.028
|
2.2
|
(1.64–3.2)
|
2.06
|
1.36–2.44
|
0.107
|
|
Incremental
|
1.93
|
(1.21–2.43)
|
1.51
|
(1.20–1.82)
|
0.044
|
1.84
|
(1.44–2.40)
|
1.62
|
1.37–2.42
|
0.469
|
|
Insulinogenic index
|
| |
48.6
|
(29.1–80.6)
|
205.7
|
(80.0–541.1)
|
0.002
|
41.8
|
(26.3–101.9)
|
65.1
|
47.8–91.7
|
0.355
|
- Wilcoxon matched pairs tests were performed to compare the differences for each group before and after the 4 months of therapy
- Italic values indicate statistical significance at p < 0.05
-
GLP-1 glucagon like peptide-1
