Comparison between binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy and digital retinography for diabetic retinopathy screening: the multicenter Brazilian Type 1 Diabetes Study

Table 2 Diabetic maculopathy classification

Severity level	Ophthalmoscopy changes	Retinography changes	Outcome
Apparently absent diabetic macular edema	Absence of retinal thickening or hard exudates on the posterior pole	No alterations	Observation^a
Apparently present diabetic macular edema	Retinal thickening or hard exudates on the posterior pole	Lesions within 2 disc diameters from the foveal center; any hard exudate	Referral

^aOnly in cases of absent or mild non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy: in more severe stages of DR, the outcome is referral

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