Table 1 Baseline clinical data in azelnidipine and amlodipine groups

Gender (male/female)

9/10

ND

8/11

ND

Age (years)

59 ± 2

ND

63 ± 2

ND

n.s.

BMI (kg/m²)

25.8 ± 1.0

ND

27.1 ± 1.0

ND

n.s.

Durations of DM (years)

9.2 ± 2.3

ND

11.3 ± 2.2

ND

n.s.

Systolic BP (mmHg)

149 ± 2.4

128 ± 2.9

148 ± 2.9

129 ± 3.3

n.s.

Diastolic BP (mmHg)

80 ± 2.4

68 ± 2.3

84 ± 2.3

72 ± 2.1

n.s.

Heart rate (beats/min)

75 ± 2.8

71 ± 2.5

68 ± 2.3

69 ± 3.5

<0.05

HbA1c (NGSP) (%)

6.9 ± 0.2

6.9 ± 0.2

7.2 ± 0.2

7.3 ± 0.3

n.s.

Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dl)

126 ± 6.4

128 ± 12.3

120 ± 4.6

130 ± 7.5

n.s.

Total cholesterol (mg/dl)

200 ± 6.3

196 ± 7.4

207 ± 6.1

196 ± 5.5

n.s.

HDL cholesterol (mg/dl)

57 ± 3.0

55 ± 3.3

55 ± 3.1

55 ± 2.2

n.s.

LDL cholesterol (mg/dl)

117 ± 6.8

113 ± 6.5

122 ± 4.9

113 ± 5.1

n.s.

Triglyceride (mg/dl)

129 ± 13.4

136 ± 18.0

144 ± 11.4

142 ± 13.4

n.s.

Creatinine (mg/dl)

0.69 ± 0.06

0.76 ± 0.04

0.70 ± 0.04

0.69 ± 0.04

n.s.

BUN (mg/dL)

17.3 ± 1.1

17.1 ± 0.9

17.2 ± 0.8

17.9 ± 0.7

n.s.

eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m²)

75.2 ± 3.6

73.2 ± 3.6

76.9 ± 3.2

78.2 ± 3.3

n.s.

Urinary albumin excretion (mg/g.Cr)

274 ± 202

121 ± 69

136 ± 70

202 ± 114

n.s.

Uric acid (mg/dl)

5.7 ± 0.4

5.7 ± 0.3

5.5 ± 0.3

5.5 ± 0.4

n.s.

Na (mEq/l)

141 ± 0.4

141 ± 0.5

141 ± 0.4

140 ± 0.5

n.s.

K (mEq/l)

4.4 ± 0.1

4.5 ± 0.1

4.2 ± 0.1

4.2 ± 0.1

n.s.

Cl (mEq/l)

105 ± 0.4

104 ± 0.5

105 ± 0.5

104 ± 0.4

n.s.

average IMT (mm)

0.817 ± 0.054

0.759 ± 0.034

0.873 ± 0.063

0.814 ± 0.080

n.s.

Max IMT (mm)

1.102 ± 0.101

0.908 ± 0.004

1.203 ± 0.113

1.124 ± 0.143

n.s.

Other medications

 Sulfonylurea (%)

7 (36.8)

7 (36.8)

 Metformin (%)

6 (31.6)

7 (36.8)

 Pioglitazone (%)

9 (47.4)

8 (42.1)

 α-glucosidase inhibitors (%)

4 (21.1)

2 (10.5)

 Insulin (%)

1 (5.3)

2 (10.5)

 Fibrate (%)

2 (10.5)

3 (15.8)

 Statins (%)

8 (42.1)

7 (36.8)