Table 5 Summary of the changes in waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, triglycerides, HDL-C, resting heart rate, IPAQ activity and sitting indices, and average daily calories intake at Mid and Post when compared to Pre in Control and Yoga groups
Mid compared to Pre | Post compared to Pre | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control group | Yoga group | P-value (PP) | Effect size (PP) | P-value (ITT) | Effect size (PP) | Control group | Yoga group | P-value (PP) | Effect size (PP) | P-value (ITT) | Effect size (ITT) | |
Change in waist circumference (cm) | -1.78 ± 5.54 | -2.09 ± 5.11 | 0.693 | 0.152 | 0.364 | 0.152 | +0.37 ± 9.50 | -3.07 ± 6.12 | 0.005* | 0.444 | 0.022* | 0.326 |
Change in systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | -1.27 ± 13.49 | -5.90 ± 13.73 | 0.023* | 0.230 | 0..08 | 0.241 | -2.63 ± 16.82 | -6.50 ± 14.36 | 0.100 | 0.235 | 0.145 | 0.208 |
Change in diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | -1.76 ± 12.67 | -3.82 ± 9.30 | 0.218 | 0.290 | 0.765 | 0.261 | -1.60 ± 9.91 | -3.58 ± 10.51 | 0.193 | 0.180 | 0.242 | 0.172 |
Change in fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L) | -0.10 ± 0.72 | -0.16 ± 0.57 | 0.551 | 0.066 | 0.724 | 0.057 | -0.14 ± 0.98 | -0.09 ± 0.61 | 0.659 | 0.065 | 0.515 | 0.097 |
Change in fasting plasma triglycerides (mmol/L) | -0.08 ± 1.40 | -0.02 ± 0.83 | 0.744 | 0.045 | 0.744 | 0.044 | -0.28 ± 1.47 | -0.21 ± 0.78 | 0.703 | 0.046 | 0.692 | 0.059 |
Change in fasting plasma HDL-C (mmol/L) | +0.02 ± 0.22 | +0.01 ± 0.16 | 0.532 | 0.085 | 0.537 | 0.090 | +0.06 ± 0.30 | +0.03± 0.15 | 0.338 | 0.128 | 0.495 | 0.094 |
Change in resting heart rate (beat/min) | +0.44 ± 10.31 | -0.57 ± 8.00 | 0.466 | 0.006 | 0.648 | 0.274 | -0.02 ± 10.09 | -3.52 ± 6.72 | 0.006* | 0.057 | 0.698 | 0.218 |
Change in IPAQ activity (MET-minutes/week) | -566.18 ± 5037.04 | +98.71 ± 2203.14 | 0.264 | 0.252 | 0.476 | 0.127 | +358.13 ±3598.22 | +457.72 ± 2840.62 | 0.838 | 0.325 | 0.152 | 0.240 |
Change in IPAQ sitting (minutes/week) | -284.64 ± 1318.65 | -255.51 ± 1002.39 | 0.869 | 0.010 | 0.845 | 0.029 | -347.86 ± 1560.47 | -199.76 ± 1192.26 | 0.479 | 0.318 | 0.126 | 0.251 |
SF-12-PCS | +0.61 ± 8.41 | +3.41 ± 8.00 | 0.237 | 0.200 | 0.234 | 0.191 | +1.72 ± 8.11 | +3.41 ± 8.82 | 0.032* | 0.341 | 0.044* | 0.295 |
SF-12-MCS | -1.67 ± 8.21 | -0.49 ± 7.91 | 0.338 | 0.149 | 0.606 | 0.076 | -0.78 ±7.41 | -0.29 ± 7.42 | 0.685 | 0.068 | 0.504 | 0.063 |
CES-D | +0.45 ± 6.75 | -0.93 ± 6.17 | 0.182 | 0.214 | 0.385 | 0.129 | -1.46 ± 7.73 | -0.75 ± 6.88 | 0.555 | 0.098 | 0.511 | 0.102 |
Change in average daily calories intake (kcal) | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | -126.45 ± 559.36 | 63.78 ± 879.94 | 0.244 | 0.246 | 0.244 | 0.246 |