Figure 3

Photomicrographs of sections in the cerebral cortex of adult male albino rats. (A) control group showing pia matter containing blood vessel (arrow). Six layers are identified in the cerebral cortex; outer molecular layer (I), external granular layer (II), external pyramidal layer (III), inner granular layer (IV), inner pyramidal (V), and the polymorphic layer (VI). Also, white matter can be seen. (B) higher magnification of the previous section. (C) control group showing normal pyramidal cell (P). This cell has multipolar shape with basophilic cytoplasm and large, rounded vesicular nucleus (arrow). Granular cells (G) can be seen with large open face nuclei, prominent nucleolus and little cytoplasm. The pink-stained background is the neuropil (N) (D) diabetic group showing pia matter (arrow), dilated blood vessel (short arrow). (E) diabetic group showing eosinophilic degeneration in pyramidal cells, noticed by contracted cells with loss of cell processes, eosinophilic cytoplasm and small darkly stained nucleus (arrow). Some cells are surrounded with halos (F) diabetic cerebral ischemic-reperfused group showing eosinophilic degeneration in all pyramidal cells, noticed by shrunken cells with loss of their processes, eosinophilic cytoplasm and small darkly stained nucleus (arrow). Some cells are surrounded with halos. Many congested blood vessels can be noticed (short arrows). (G) diabetic group treated with resveratrol showing many pyramidal cells with normal shape (P). However, some cells still show features of eosinophilic degeneration (arrow). (H) diabetic cerebral ischemic-reperfused group treated with resveratrol showing the similar results as in diabetic group treated with resveratrol. [A → H&Ex40 (scale bar represents 100 μm), B, D → H&Ex100 (scale bars represent 40 μm), C, E, F, G, H → H&E stain x400 (scale bars represent 10 μm)].