Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study population (n = 137)

Age (years)

63.1 ± 7.9

Sex (male/female)

115/ 22

Ethnicity (Caucasian/non-Caucasian)

114/ 23

BMI (kg/m²)

29.2 ± 5.0

Waist circumference (cm)

106 ± 13

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

139 ± 17

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

79 ± 9

Metabolic syndrome^¤

105 (77%)

Albuminuria (incl. micro-)

34 (25%)

Current smoker

23 (17%)

Previous myocardial infarction

62 (45%)

Hypertension

100 (73%)

Years of diabetes*

9 (5, 15)

Creatinine (μmol/L)*

79 (68, 91)

LDL (mmol/L)*

2.0 (1.6, 2.6)

HDL (mmol/L)*

1.12 (0.94, 1.38)

Triglycerides (mmol/L)*

1.42 (1.06, 1.91)

HbA1c (%)*

7.4 (6.8, 8.3)

Glucose (mmol/L)*

8.1 (6.9, 9.8)

Insulin (pmol/L)*

57 (33, 102)

C-peptide (pmol/L)*

965 (713, 1290)

HOMA2-IR*

1.3 (0.7, 2.1)

Anti-platelet therapy

129 (94%)

Statin

128 (93%)

Beta-blocker

106 (77%)

ACE-inhibitor/ARB

96 (70%)

Metformin

101 (74%)

Sulfonylurea

47 (34%)

Gliptin

17 (12%)

Insulin/insulin-analogue

26 (19%)