Table 1 Characteristics of the study participants according to RBP4 quartiles
| Â | Quartile of RBP4 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|  | 1 (n = 437) | 2 (n = 437) | 3 (n = 437) | 4 (n = 437) |
RBP4 (μg/ml) | 20.94 ± 4.391 | 27.97 ± 2.64 | 33.71 ± 3.05 | 46.18 ± 8.11 |
Age (years) | 63.89 ± 5.80 | 65.08 ± 4.81 | 65.77 ± 4.87 | 66.23 ± 4.77 |
Male [n (%)] | 236 (54.0) | 225 (51.5) | 230 (52.6) | 219 (50.1) |
BMI (kg/m2) | 23.49 ± 2.69 | 24.26 ± 2.86 | 24.42 ± 3.37 | 24.71 ± 3.16 |
Current smoker [n (%)] | 109 (24.9) | 117 (26.8) | 115 (26.3) | 122 (27.9) |
Current drinker [n (%)] | 104 (23.8) | 98 (22.4) | 94 (21.5) | 101 (23.1) |
Family history of chronic diseases [n (%)]2 | 127 (29.1) | 117 (26.8) | 129 (29.5) | 121 (27.7) |
Waist circumference (cm) | 79.86 ± 10.65 | 81.48 ± 12.13 | 84.03 ± 11.75 | 85.73 ± 12.38 |
Waist-to-hip ratio | 0.84 ± 0.09 | 0.87 ± 0.07 | 0.90 ± 0.08 | 0.92 ± 0.07 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 116.81 ± 12.01 | 115.26 ± 11.96 | 116.44 ± 11.54 | 116.56 ± 12.41 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 73.25 ± 8.23 | 73.88 ± 7.47 | 74.15 ± 8.42 | 74.36 ± 8.68 |
Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 5.62 ± 1.44 | 5.81 ± 1.93 | 5.76 ± 1.34 | 6.02 ± 2.03 |
Insulin (μU/ml) | 13.17 (9.76–16.85)3 | 13.32 (9.53–17.74) | 13.85 (10.08–18.21) | 14.36 (10.46–19.82) |
HOMA-IR | 3.29 (2.44–4.21) | 3.44 (2.46–4.58) | 3.55 (2.58–4.66) | 3.84 (2.80–5.31) |
Adiponectin (μg/ml) | 15.18 (10.87–23.86) | 13.54 (9.25–22.35) | 13.79 (8.42–20.89) | 13.68 (7.83–19.14) |
A-FABP (μg/l) | 15.38 (8.45–21.91) | 15.61 (8.84–21.38) | 15.85 (8.66–23.04) | 16.12 (9.62–23.42) |
Total cholesterol (mM) | 4.67 ± 0.78 | 4.78 ± 0.72 | 4.89 ± 0.71 | 5.00 ± 0.58 |
Triglyceride (mM) | 1.04 ± 0.39 | 1.13 ± 0.36 | 1.25 ± 0.42 | 1.35 ± 0.45 |
LDL cholesterol (mM) | 3.06 ± 0.65 | 3.18 ± 0.61 | 3.34 ± 0.62 | 3.50 ± 0.56 |
HDL cholesterol (mM) | 1.48 ± 0.33 | 1.42 ± 0.34 | 1.37 ± 0.29 | 1.33 ± 0.44 |
8-iso PGF2-α, pmol/ml | 7.42 ± 2.56 | 7.63 ± 2.49 | 8.54 ± 2.77 | 9.32 ± 2.89 |
13-HODE, pmol/ml | 20.2 ± 5.8 | 21.5 ± 7.7 | 22.8 ± 6.3 | 25.1 ± 8.4 |
hsCRP, μg/ml | 0.77 (0.36–1.38) | 0.75 (0.39–1.54) | 0.82 (0.43–1.74) | 0.91 (0.48–1.93) |
IL-6, pg/ml | 3.05 ± 1.53 | 3.41 ± 1.75 | 4.08 ± 1.66 | 4.43 ± 1.97 |
MCP-1, pg/ml | 227.3 ± 74.5 | 269.1 ± 92.8 | 294.8 ± 82.3 | 334.7 ± 112.6 |
TNF-α, ng/ml | 2.34 ± 0.68 | 2.55 ± 0.76 | 2.87 ± 0.82 | 3.19 ± 1.03 |