Management of cardiac fibrosis in diabetic rats; the role of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma) and calcium channel blockers (CCBs)

Table 2 Measurements of fasting serum lipids, TNF-α, TGF-β, MMP-2, collagen-I, collagen-III and masson trichrome

Groups
	Control	Diabetic Control	Diabetic Hypertensive Control	Rosiglitazone	Rosiglitazone + Felodipine
TGs (mg/dL)	79.50 ± 2.65	95.45 ± 6.38^	98.95 ± 7.29	75.15 ± 4.94#	75.40 ± 7.31#
T-Chol (mg/dL)	133.38 ± 7.17	194.59 ± 14.36^	227.76 ± 19.94*	158.90 ± 6.82#	151.98 ± 6.83#a
LDL-C (mg/dL)	72.86 ± 9.39	140.22 ± 14.91^	175.13 ± 19.69*	104.15 ± 7.64#	96.01 ± 8.08#a
HDL-C (mg/dL)	44.62 ± 3.62	35.28 ± 2.22^	32.84 ± 1.62*	39.72 ± 2.47#	40.89 ± 2.77#
TNF-α (ng/mL)	203.19 ± 10.88	249.10 ± 13.73^	274.58 ± 17.38*	217.45 ± 18.23#	211.93 ± 17.91#
TGF-β	1.06 ± 0.09	2.01 ± 0.23^	2.17 ± 0.29	1.16 ± 0.10#	1.10 ± 0.07#
MMP-2	0.82 ± 0.09	0.06 ± 0.04^	0.11 ± 0.05*	0.41 ± 0.12#	0.43 ± 0.22#
Collagen-I	0.11 ± 0.04	0.80 ± 0.21^	1.06 ± 0.27*	0.55 ± 0.09#	0.38 ± 0.11#a
Collagen-III	0.06 ± 0.02	0.11 ± 0.03^	0.13 ± 0.06	0.06 ± 0.02#	0.06 ± 0.02#
Masson trichrome	13.54 ± 1.31	10.79 ± 1.86^	22.34 ± 6.29*	8.79 ± 1.44#	10.45 ± 2.96#
Values are expressed as mean ± SD. Number of rats per group n = 10.

STZ, streptozotocin; TGs, triglycerides; T-Chol, total cholesterol; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor alpha; TGF-β, transforming growth factor beta; MMP-2, matrix metalloproteinase-2
^ Significant difference from normal control at P ≤ 0.05.
* Significant difference from diabetic control at P ≤ 0.05.
# Significant difference from diabetic hypertensive control at P ≤ 0.05.
a Means of treated groups with different superscript are significantly different from each other at P ≤ 0.05.

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