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Table 3 The logistic regression and ROC curve analysis of the 16 potential biomarkers

From: Metabolomics analysis of serum and urine in type 1 diabetes patients with different time in range derived from continuous glucose monitoring

Metabolite

Pathway

log2 (FC)

P value

VIP

ORa

95%CI

AUC

T1D vs. CON (serum)

 5-Hydroxy-L-tryptophan

Tryptophan metabolism

0.4154

0.026

0.8087

1.777

1.059–2.981

0.6236

 5-Methoxyindoleacetate

Tryptophan metabolism

0.7270

 < 0.001

1.0660

6.279

2.754–14.315

0.7358

 4-(2-Aminophenyl)-2,4-dioxobutanoate

Tryptophan metabolism

0.4918

0.001

0.9853

3.515

1.689–7.312

0.7196

 4-Pyridoxic acid

Vitamin B6 metabolism

1.3753

0.006

0.7594

3.939

1.596–9.721

0.7263

 Chitobiose

Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism

0.8174

 < 0.001

0.9247

2.755

1.535–4.943

0.7336

 Glycochenodeoxycholic acid 3-glucuronide

Pentose and glucuronate interconversions

1.1391

0.001

0.7707

2.342

1.528–3.590

0.7565

 Deoxycholic acid glycine conjugate

Bile acid biosynthesis

1.4009

 < 0.001

0.9400

2.080

1.318–3.824

0.7536

 Sphinganine

Sphingolipid metabolism

− 0.6070

0.001

0.8390

0.348

0.163–0.742

0.6588

 L-beta-aspartyl-L-serine

–

0.6399

0.003

0.7076

1.786

1.065–2.993

0.7064

T1D vs. CON (urine)

 Thromboxane B3

–

0.4821

0.036

0.8661

1.827

1.022- 3.266

0.6669

 Hypoxanthine

Purine metabolism

− 0.3541

0.009

1.1453

–

–

0.6415

 N6,N6,N6-Trimethyl-L-lysine

Lysine degradation

0.7730

0.048

0.4991

–

–

0.5994

 Withanolide B

Ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis

0.6992

0.041

0.6403

1.802

1.233- 2.633

0.6464

 6-Hydroxy-5-methoxyindole glucuronide

Pentose and glucuronate interconversions

− 0.6375

 < 0.001

1.5086

0.271

0.135–0.545

0.6961

TIR-L vs. TIR-H (serum)

 5-Hydroxy-L-tryptophan

Tryptophan metabolism

− 0.6442

0.040

1.6627

–

–

0.7250

 4-Pyridoxic acid

Vitamin B6 metabolism

− 0.9901

0.109

1.8041

–

–

0.6542

 Deoxycholic acid glycine conjugate

Bile acid biosynthesis

1.1396

0.113

1.2084

–

–

0.6375

 Chitobiose

Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism

− 0.1320

0.736

1.2366

–

–

0.5125

 Mevalonolactone

–

− 1.8308

 < 0.001

2.6453

0.054

0.008–0.368

0.9375

 L-beta-aspartyl-L-serine

–

− 0.4808

0.113

1.3370

–

–

0.7292

TIR-L vs. TIR-H (urine)

 Thromboxane B3

–

− 0.7022

0.024

1.5800

0.201

0.039–1.023

0.7218

 N6,N6,N6-Trimethyl-L-lysine

Lysine degradation

− 1.2279

0.055

1.1390

0.304

0.101–0.908

0.7068

 Hypoxanthine

Purine metabolism

− 0.4618

0.064

1.0109

0.075

0.008–0.739

0.7030

 Phenylbutyrylglutamine

–

− 2.2585

0.027

1.3021

0.144

0.033–0.633

0.7782

  1. TIR, time in range; TIR-H, high TIR group; TIR-L, low TIR group; FC, fold change; VIP, variable importance in the project; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; ROC, receiver operating characteristic; AUC, area under curve
  2. aBold text of OR represents significance(P < 0.05)
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Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome

ISSN: 1758-5996

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