Table 2 Baseline characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes at different circulating PCSK9 levels

Clinical characteristics

N (%)

748 (25.07%)

744 (24.93%)

746 (25.00%)

746 (25.00%)

–

Age (years)

57.07 ± 9.19

57.59 ± 9.94

56.94 ± 10.03

58.31 ± 10.33

0.440

Male (%)

437 (58.42%)

419 (56.32%)

451 (60.46%)

425 (56.97%)

0.378

BMI (kg/m²)

24.91 ± 2.82

25.55 ± 3.54

25.47 ± 2.98

24.97 ± 2.85

0.203

Hypertension (%)

501 (66.98%)

532 (71.51%)

541 (72.52%)

510 (68.36%)

0.066

Smoking (%)

220(29.41%)

193(25.94%)

215(28.82%)

210(28.15%)

0.467

Alcohol consumption (%)

232(31.02%)

236(31.72%)

216(28.95%)

203(27.21%)

0.214

Family history of CHD (%)

194(25.94%)

201(27.02%)

220(29.49%)

236(31.64%)

0.067

Family history of MD (%)

272(36.36%)

293(39.38%)

280(37.53%)

290(38.87%)

0.623

Laboratory variables

FPG (mmol/L)

7.62 ± 1.10

7.59 ± 1.11

7.80 ± 1.15

7.78 ± 1.21

0.057

HbA1c (%)

7.44 ± 1.06

7.44 ± 1.02

7.58 ± 1.10

7.62 ± 1.19

0.181

ApoB (mg/dL)

83.10 (26.80)

81.56 (23.96)

84.48 (25.47)

92.95 (31.95)^abc

< 0.001

ApoA1 (mg/dL)

150.70 (33.05)

145.71 (48.11)

142.05 (32.93)^a

140.50 (32.99)^ab

0.001

Total cholesterol (mmol/L)

4.34 (1.42)

4.32 (1.29)

4.41 (1.19)

4.64 (1.49)^abc

< 0.001

Triglycerides (mmol/L)

1.33 (0.82)

1.28 (0.96)

1.31 (0.95)

1.36 (0.82)

0.997

HDL-C (mmol/L)

1.16 (0.41)

1.13 (0.38)

1.12 (0.27)^a

1.12 (0.35)^a

0.023

LDL-C (mmol/L)

2.66 (1.00)

2.69 (0.81)

2.73 (0.85)^a

3.02 (1.17)^abc

< 0.001

Lp(a) (nmol/L)

30.67 (19.41)

36.54 (26.13)^a

40.33 (35.36)^a

76.71 (84.78)^abc

< 0.001

hs-CRP (mg/L)

1.33 (1.62)

1.51 (1.85)

1.31 (1.79)

1.34 (1.55)

0.948

HCY (umol/L)

11.21 (6.62)

11.40 (7.14)

11.33 (6.62)

13.56 (9.80)^abc

< 0.001

sdLDL-C (mmol/L)

0.73 (0.43)

0.69 (0.43)

0.75 (0.35)

0.79 ( 0.47)^ab

0.008

PCSK9 (ng/mL)

379.84 (83.46)

480.04 (47.30)

566.52 (44.78)

765.66 (200.58)