Effect of intermittent fasting on lipid biokinetics in obese and overweight patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: prospective observational study

Table 3 Laboratory parameters: pre and post-fasting levels

Characteristic	Pre-fasting	Post-fasting	t-value	p-value	Effect size
FPG (mg/dl)	165.57 ± 55.81	171.50 ± 59.684	− 0.594	0.557	0.108
Serum creatinine (mg/dl)	0.893 ± 0.141	0.877 ± 0.122	1.095	0.283	0.200
Hemoglobin A1c	7.823 ± 1.33	7.59 ± 1.24	1.296	0.205	0.237
AST(IU/L)	23.933 ± 15.46	21.3 ± 7.06	1.089	0.285	0.199
ALT(IU/L)	24.6 ± 10.46	21.2 ± 5.96	2.706	0.011	0.494
AST/ALT ratio	0.961 ± 0.233	1.004 ± 0.159	− 1.041	0.306	0.190
Total cholesterol (mg/dl)	187.03 ± 46.015	178.67 ± 39.69	2.28	0.030	0.416
Triglycerides (mg/dl)	132.67 ± 58.97	123.36 ± 34.09	0.970	0.340	0.177
LDL-C (mg/dl)	117.02 ± 32.60	108.73 ± 28.18	3.639	0.001	0.644
HDL-C (mg/dl)	45.46 ± 6.89	47.233 ± 5.58	− 2.617	0.014	0.478
Serum Leptin (ng/ml)	20.19 ± 16.31	14.04 ± 9.59	2.356	0.025	0.430
Β hydroxybutyrate (mmol/L)	0.799 ± 0.486	1.76 ± 0.826	− 7.415	< 0.001	1.354
High sensitive CRP (mg/L)	15.61 ± 26.20	16.26 ± 26.82	− 0.109	0.914	0.020

Bold values mentioned in these tables means that p value were ≤ 0.050 (statistically significant results of the corresponding used tests)
Data is mean ± SD. Test of significance is Paired-samples t-test. FPG = fasting plasma glucose. Effect size was calculated by using G*Power software (version 3.1.9.7): 0.2 = small, 0.5 = medium, and 0.8 = large effect size
AST aspartate aminotransferase. ALT alanine transaminase. LDL-C low density lipoprotein-cholesterol. HDL-C high density lipoprotein-cholesterol. CRP C-reactive protein

ISSN: 1758-5996