Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the study population in Mexico classified by status of cardiovascular disease and in the overall study population
Study population (Mexico) (n = 820; 100%) | By CVD status (Mexico) | Overall study population (n = 9823) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CVD (n = 303; 36.9%) | No CVD (n = 517; 63.1%) | |||||||
n | Data | n | Data | n | Data | n | Data | |
Female, n (%) | 820 | 431 (52.6) | 302 | 135 (44.7) | 518 | 296 (57.1) | 9823 | 4465 (45.5) |
Age, years, median [min–max or IQR] | 820 | 63.0 [18–94] | 302 | 66.0 [32–94] | 518 | 61 [18.0–90] | 9823 | 64.0 [56.0–71.0] |
Race, n (%) | - | |||||||
Caucasian | 820 | 539 (65.7) | 302 | 216 (71.3) | 518 | 323 (62.4) | 6487 (66.0) | |
Asian | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.3) | 0 | 9822 | 2133 (21.7) | |||
Black or African American | 0 | 0 | 0 | 158 (1.6) | ||||
Other | 280 (34.1) | 86 (28.4) | 194 (37.5) | 1044 (10.6) | ||||
Diabetes duration, years, median [min–max or IQR] | 820 | 11.77 [0.50–46.76] | 302 | 13.77 [0.54–46.76] | 518 | 10.7 [0.50–43.7] | 9811 | 10.7 [5.6–17.9] |
HbA1c, %, median [min–max or IQR] | 586 | 7.5 [4.3–16.3] | 219 | 7.7 [4.3–16.3] | 367 | 7.5 [4.3–16.5] | 9104 | 7.30 [6.60–8.40] |
HbA1c, mmol/mol, median [min–max or IQR] | 586 | 58.4 [23.50–154.66] | 219 | 60.66 [23.50–154.66] | 367 | 58.4 [23.5–145.92] | 9104 | 56 [49–68] |
FPG, mg/dL-mmol/L, median [min–max or IQR] | 662 | 132 [53–517] | 246 | 126.25 [64–507] | 416 | 134 (53.0–517.0) | 8204 | 7.60 [6.30–9.38] |
Body weight, kg, median [min–max or IQR] | 820 | 75.00 [37–145] | 302 | 75.00 [37.0–135.0] | 518 | 75.0 [39.0–145.0] | 9742 | 79.3 [68.7–92.0] |
BMI, kg/m2, median [min–max or IQR] | 820 | 28.80 [16.00–50.60] | 302 | 28.5 [16.0–50.60] | 518 | 28.9 [16.3–49.3] | 9611 | 29.0 [25.8–33.1] |
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg, median [min–max or IQR] | 820 | 124 [80–200] | 302 | 127.0 [90–198] | 518 | 122.5 [80.0–200.0] | 9618 | 130.0 [120.0–140.0] |
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg, median [min–max or IQR] | 820 | 74 [47–112] | 302 | 73.0 [47–104] | 518 | 74.0 [50.0–112.0] | 9616 | 78.0 [70.0–82.0] |
Total cholesterol, mg/dL-mmol/L, median [min–max or IQR] | 613 | 174 [77–492] | 234 | 159.5 [77–492] | 379 | 180.0 [83.0–361.0] | 8272 | 4.34 [3.68–5.14] |
LDL cholesterol, mg/dL-mmol/L, median [min–max or IQR] | 510 | 98 [21–245] | 191 | 82.0 [21–210] | 319 | 105.0 [32.20–245.00] | 8090 | 2.39 [1.81–3.08] |
HDL cholesterol, mg/dL-mmol/L, median [min–max or IQR] | 503 | 42.47 [17.20–90.00] | 195 | 40.0 [17.3–86.0] | 308 | 44.0 [17.20–90.00] | 7965 | 1.15 [0.98–1.40] |
Triglyceride, mg/dL-mmol/L, median [min–max or IQR] | 598 | 166 [48–1860] | 229 | 166.7 [52.4–1860] | 369 | 165.0 [48.0–1400.0] | 8466 | 1.60 [1.13–2.27] |
eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2, n (%) | - | - | ||||||
> 89 | 525 | 189 (36.0) | 188 | 49 (26.1) | 337 | 140 (41.5) | 7923 | 2746 (34.7) |
> 59–89 | 209 (39.8) | 82 (43.6) | 127 (37.7) | 3512 (44.3) | ||||
> 29–59 | 99 (18.9) | 48 (25.5) | 51 (15.1) | 1450 (18.3) | ||||
≤ 29 | 28 (5.3) | 9 (4.8) | 19 (5.6) | 215 (2.7) | ||||
Albuminuriaa, n (%) | ||||||||
Normal–mildly increased | 300 | 202 (67.3) | 103 | 58 (56.3) | 197 | 144 (73.1) | 6482 | 4338 (66.9) |
Microalbuminuria | 37 (22.3) | 34 (33.0) | 33 (16.8) | 1607 (24.8) | ||||
Macroalbuminuria | 31 (10.3) | 11 (10.7) | 20 (10.2) | 537 (8.3) | ||||
Medical history of hypertension, n (%) | 819 | 541 (66.1) | 302 | 242 (80.1) | 517 | 299 (57.8) | 9643 | 6756 (70.1) |
Familial hypercholesterolemia, n (%) | 656 | 28 (4.3) | 230 | 14 (6.1) | 426 | 14 (3.3) | 6634 | 676 (10.2) |
Retinopathy, n (%) | - | |||||||
Yes | 820 | 83 (10.1) | 302 | 37 (12.3) | 518 | 46 (8.9) | 9818 | 1455 (14.8) |
Yes (mentioned by patient) | 41 (5.0) | 12 (4.0) | 29 (5.6) | 399 (4.1) | ||||
No | 696 (84.9) | 253 (83.8) | 443 (85.5) | 7964 (81.1) | ||||
Neuropathy, n (%) | - | |||||||
Yes | 820 | 152 (18.5) | 820 | 47 (15.6) | 518 | 66 (12.7) | 9817 | 1774 (18.1) |
Yes (mentioned by patient) | 54 (6.6) | 15 (5.0) | 39 (7.5) | 459 (4.7) | ||||
No | 614 (74.9) | 240 (79.5) | 374 (72.2) | 7584 (77.3) | ||||
Smoking status, | - | |||||||
Current | 820 | 73 (8.9) | 302 | 19 (6.3) | 518 | 54 (10.4) | 6178 | 1322 (13.6) |
Previous | 247 (30.1) | 126 (41.7) | 121 (23.4) | 2613 (26.9) | ||||
Never | 500 (61.0) | 157 (52.0) | 343 (66.2) | 5790 (59.5) | ||||
Duration of smokingb, years, median [min–max or IQR] | 320 | 20.0 [0.0–59.0] | 145 | 20.0 [0.0–57] | 175 | 20.0 [0.00–59.00] | 3733 | 28.0 [15.0–39.0] |
Physical activityc, days per week, n (%) | ||||||||
0–1 | 694 | 424 (61.1) | 256 | 165 (64.5) | 438 | 259 (59.1) | 7492 | 3599 (48.0) |
2–3 | 91 (13.1) | 26 (10.2) | 65 (14.8) | 1613 (21.5) | ||||
4–5 | 103 (14.8) | 27 (10.5) | 76 (17.4) | 883 (11.8) | ||||
6–7 | 76 (11.0) | 38 (14.8) | 38 (8.7) | 1397 (18.6) | ||||