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Table 1 Baseline characteristics for the total sample and pre-specified groups

From: Hyperglycemia and glucose variability are associated with worse survival in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients: the prospective Maastricht Intensive Care Covid Cohort

 

Total

Group 1

(n = 80)

Group 2

(n = 14)

Group 3

(n = 78)

Group 4

(n = 2)

Group 5

(n = 23)

Group 6

(n = 33)

Predefined strata characteristics:

       

Wave

 

1

1

2

2

2

2

HbA1c status

 

-

-

Low

Low

High

High

Previously diagnosed diabetes mellitus

 

No

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

Admission characteristics:

       

Age

66 (58–73)

66 (56–73)

73 (66–75)

65 (58–72)

73.5 (70–77)

64 (57–71)

64 (59–70)

Gender (female)

55 (23.7%)

20 (25.0%)

1 (7.1%)

26 (33.3%)

0 (0.0%)

3 (13.0%)

4 (12.1%)

BMI (kg/m2)

27.7 (25-30.7)

27 (24.9–29.6)

28.2 (25.9–30.9)

26.9 (24.8–29.2)

29.1 (24.6–33.6)

28.7 (26.5–32.2)

28.9 (26.8–33.5)

APACHE II score

15 (13–18)

16 (13–18)

15 (14–19)

14 (13–16)

18.5 (17–20)

16 (13–18)

14 (11-17.5)

HbA1c (mmol/mol)

50.7 (15.8)

NA

NA

41.1 (3.9)

41.0 (2.8)

52.8 (5.3)

72.9 (15.7)

HbA1c (%)

6.9 (2.1)

NA

NA

5.6 (0.5)

5.6 (0.5)

7.2 (0.7)

9.9 (2.1)

Chronic health conditions:

       

Diabetes mellitus

49 (21.1%)

0 (0.0%)

14 (100.0%)

0 (0.0%)

2 (100.0%)

0 (0.0%)

33 (100.0%)

Chronic kidney disease

6 (2.6%)

1 (1.3%)

1 (7.1%)

1 (1.3%)

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

3 (9.1%)

Chronic liver disease

1 (0.4%)

0 (0.0%)

1 (7.1%)

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

Chronic lung disease

37 (15.9%)

5 (6.3%)

3 (21.4%)

18 (23.1%)

1 (50.0%)

4 (17.4%)

6 (18.2%)

Cardiovascular risk factors:

       

Hypertension

79 (34.1%)

23 (28.7%)

10 (71.4%)

16 (20.5%)

0 (0.0%)

9 (39.1%)

19 (57.6%)

Myocardial infarction

29 (12.5%)

4 (5.0%)

2 (14.3%)

11 (14.1%)

0 (0.0%)

3 (13.0%)

9 (27.3%)

Current smoking

13 (5.6%)

5 (6.3%)

2 (14.3%)

5 (6.4%)

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

1 (3.0%)

Coronary artery disease

18 (7.8%)

6 (7.5%)

3 (21.4%)

4 (5.1%)

0 (0.0%)

1 (4.3%)

4 (12.1%)

ICU stay characteristics:

       

Immunosuppressive medication

16 (6.9%)

2 (2.5%)

0 (0.0%)

9 (11.5%)

0 (0.0%)

3 (13.0%)

2 (6.1%)

Length of stay (days)

14 (8–23)

16 (8–28)

11.5 (4–18)

13 (8–21)

11 (8–14)

14 (10–31)

13 (8–29)

  1. Data are means +/- SD or count (%) as appropriate for the total population and pre-specified groups. Wave 1 = March 2020 – July 2020; Wave 2 = October 2020 – March 2021). Group 1: wave 1, no previous diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Group 2: wave 1, previously diagnosed diabetes mellitus. Group 3: wave 2, no previous diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, low HbA1c. Group 4: wave 2, previously diagnosed diabetes mellitus, low HbA1c. Group 5: wave 2, no previous diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, high HbA1c. Group 6: wave 2, previously diagnosed diabetes mellitus, high HbA1c. In wave 1, no HbA1c was measured. High HbA1c is defined as above 48mmol/mol (6.5%)
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Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome

ISSN: 1758-5996

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