Primary safety outcomes | Comparator | 5 mg | 10 mg | 15 mg |
---|---|---|---|---|
All adverse events (AEs) | GLP-1 RA | 1.05 (0.99, 1.11) P ≥ 0.05 | 1.11 (1.05, 1.17) P < 0.05 | 1.12 (1.06, 1.18) P < 0.05 |
Insulin | 1.203 (0.97, 1.09) P ≥ 0.05 | 1.06 (1.01, 1.12) P < 0.05 | 1.12 (1.06, 1.18) P < 0.05 | |
Placebo | 1.10 (0.94, 1.30) P ≥ 0.05 | 1.00 (0.92, 1.10) P ≥ 0.05 | 1.04 (0.95, 1.13) P ≥ 0.05 | |
overall | 1.04 (1.00, 1.09) P ≥ 0.05 | 1.07 (1.03, 1.11) P < 0.05 | 1.10 (1.07, 1.14) P < 0.05 | |
Serious adverse event | GLP-1 RA | 1.54 (1.08, 2.19) P < 0.05 | 1.30 (0.90, 1.88) P ≥ 0.05 | 1.32 (0.91, 1.89) P ≥ 0.05 |
Insulin | 0.99 (0.93, 1.05) P ≥ 0.05 | 1.00 (0.94, 1.06) P ≥ 0.05 | 0.96 (0.91, 1.02) P ≥ 0.05 | |
Placebo | 1.86 (0.47, 7.31) P ≥ 0.05 | 1.01 (0.98, 1.04) P ≥ 0.05 | 0.98 (0.95, 1.01) P ≥ 0.05 | |
overall | 1.04 (0.97, 1.10) P ≥ 0.05 | 1.02 (0.98, 1.05) P ≥ 0.05 | 0.99 (0.95, 1.02) P ≥ 0.05 | |
Hypoglycemic events | GLP-1 RA | 1.39 (0.45, 4.31) P ≥ 0.05 | 1.85 (0.63, 5.42) P ≥ 0.05 | 1.39 (0.45, 4.31) P ≥ 0.05 |
Insulin | 0.72 (0.67, 0.78) P < 0.05 | 0.78 (0.072, 0.84) P < 0.05 | 0.72 (0.67, 0.78) P < 0.05 | |
Placebo | 8.37 (1.07, 65.51) P < 0.05 | 1.16 (1.11, 1.22) P < 0.05 | 8.37 (1.07, 65.51) P < 0.05 | |
overall | 0.75 (0.69, 0.81) P < 0.05 | 0.93 (0.89, 0.98) P < 0.05 | 0.75 (0.69, 0.81) P < 0.05 | |
Gastrointestinal events | GLP-1 RA | 1.062 (0.951, 1.186) P ≥ 0.05 | 1.231 (1.110, 1.366) P < 0.05 | 1.260 (1.140, 1.392) P < 0.05 |
Insulin | – | – | – | |
Placebo | 2.802 (0.296, 26.544) P ≥ 0.05 | 5.603 (0.685, 45.822) P ≥ 0.05 | 7.533 (0.957, 59.279) P ≥ 0.05 | |
overall | 1.078 (0.965, 1.203) P ≥ 0.05 | 1.262 (1.138, 1.400) P < 0.05 | 1.296 (1.172, 1.432) P < 0.05 | |
Discontinuation of therapy | GLP-1 RA | 1.34 (0.94, 1.91) P ≥ 0.05 | 1.92 (1.38, 2.67) P < 0.05 | 1.95 (1.41, 2.71) P < 0.05 |
Insulin | 1.19 (0.11, 1.28) P ≥ 0.05 | 1.12 (1.03, 1.22) P < 0.05 | 1.19 (1.10, 1.29) P < 0.05 | |
Placebo | 1.55 (0.38, 6.38) P ≥ 0.05 | 1.01 (0.98, 1.05) P ≥ 0.05 | 0.98 (0.94, 1.03) P ≥ 0.05 | |
overall | 1.22 (1.12, 1.33) P < 0.05 | 1.13 (1.07, 1.19) P < 0.05 | 1.15 (1.09, 1.21) P < 0.05 | |
Fatal adverse events | GLP-1 RA | |||
Insulin | 1.03 (0.98, 1.08) P ≥ 0.05 | 0.95 (0.91, 1.00) P ≥ 0.05 | 0.98 (0.93, 1.03) P ≥ 0.05 | |
Placebo | 0.98 (0.96, 1.00) P ≥ 0.05 | 1.00 (0.99,1.00) P ≥ 0.05 | ||
overall | 1.04 (0.98, 1.09) P ≥ 0.05 | 0.98 (0.96, 1.00) P ≥ 0.05 | 1.00 (0.97, 1.02) P ≥ 0.05 | |
Decreased appetite | GLP-1 RA | 1.62 (1.20, 2.19) P < 0.05 | 1.62 (1.20, 2.19) P < 0.05 | 1.64 (1.31, 2.06 P < 0.05 |
Insulin | 1.02 (0.94, 1.10) P ≥ 0.05 | 1.05 (0.96, 1.15) P ≥ 0.05 | 1.09 (1.00, 1.19) P ≥ 0.05 | |
Placebo | 12.68 (1.63, 98.56) P < 0.05 | 0.99 (0.94, 1.03) P ≥ 0.05 | 1.00 (0.96, 1.05) P ≥ 0.05 | |
overall | 1.17 (1.07, 1.29) P < 0.05 | 1.07 (1.02, 1.13) P < 0.05 | 1.12 (1.06, 1.19) P < 0.05 |