Fig. 4From: Aerobic exercise and metformin on intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT): insights from multimodal MRI and histological changes in prediabetic ratsCharacterization of AMPK signaling dynamics in intermuscular adipose tissues (IMATs). Representative western blots (A, C, E, G, K) and quantification of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and AMPK gene expression (B, I), phosphorylated AMPK (p-AMPK; Thr172) (D), PGC1-α (F, J), SIRT-1 (H) and NRF-2 (L). CON control, EMA combined therapies + compound-c, EMC combined therapies, EXE moderate-exercise, GAPDH glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, MET metformin, NRF-2 nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2, PGC-1α peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactlvator-1α, PRE prediabetes, SIRT-1 silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog-1. The data shown represent mean ± the standard error of the mean (n = 5–6/group). ap < 0.05 vs. CON group; bp < 0.05 vs. PRE group; cp < 0.05 vs. MET group; dp < 0.05 vs. EXE group; ep < 0.05 vs. EMA group; fp < 0.05 vs. EMC groupBack to article page