Empagliflozin (an SGLT2 inhibitor), alone or in combination with linagliptin (a DPP-4 inhibitor), prevents steatohepatitis in a novel mouse model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and diabetes

Table 1 Body weight and biochemical parameters on day 21 in NASH mice under diabetic background (vehicle, lina 10 mg/Kg, Empa 10 mg/Kg, and Lina+Empa) and their normal littermates

	Control (n = 6)	Vehicle (n = 6)	Lina 10 mg/Kg (n = 6)	Empa 10 mg/Kg (n = 6)	Lina + empa (n = 6)
Body weight (g)
Day 0	22.6 ± 0.2	20.0 ± 0.9	19.9 ± 0.9	20.3 ± 1.2	20.5 ± 1.0
Day 21	25.1 ± 0.5	21.9 ± 0.7	21.6 ± 0.9*	21.8 ± 1.2	22.8 ± 0.6
Plasma glucose (mg/dl)	184.5 ± 14.1	470.7 ± 53.7^†	479.0 ± 49.2^†	319.3 ± 35.1	345.0 ± 57.6
GA (%)	2.35 ± 0.36	5.86 ± 0.73*	5.53 ± 0.43*	2.58 ± 0.50^{§, #}	3.32 ± 0.44
ALT (U/l)	28.3 ± 3.7	42.8 ± 5.7	52.5 ± 15.9	20.7 ± 4.0^§	23.8 ± 2.3
Triglyceride (mg/dl)	40.8 ± 5.3	36.8 ± 7.8	37.3 ± 7.3	26.0 ± 6.3	43.2 ± 8.4
Free fatty acid (mEq/l)	0.76 ± 0.06	1.72 ± 0.15^†	1.80 ± 0.29^†	2.02 ± 0.21^‡	2.10 ± 0.06^‡
Insulin (ng/ml)	0.53 ± 0.05	0.40 ± 0.07	0.69 ± 0.19	0.79 ± 0.06	0.92 ± 0.18^§

Data are mean ± SE
Lina linagliptin; Empa empagliflozin; GA glycated albumin; ALT alanine aminotransferase
* P < 0.05, ^† P < 0.01, ^‡ P < 0.001 vs. control; ^§ P < 0.05, ^|| P < 0.01, ^¶ P < 0.001 vs. vehicle; ^# P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, ^†† P < 0.001 vs. linagliptin alone

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