Table 1 Shows sample sizes, distributions of age, gender, comorbidities, HbA1c/hyperglycemia, BMI, hepatic profile, lipid profile, and medication use of the patient and control groups
HC | T2D | HC vs. T2D | |
|---|---|---|---|
p value | |||
Group size n | 44 | 64 | |
Age mean (range) | 53 (32–87) | 61 (37–85) | 0.00** |
BMI mean (range) % | 28.7 (23–42) | 29.5 (22–49) | 0.471 |
Normal | 18.2 % | 16.1 % | |
Overweight | 45.5 % | 40.3 % | |
Obese | 36.4 % | 43.5 % | |
Gender | |||
Female n (%) | 31 (70.5 %) | 40 (62.5 %) | NA |
Male n (%) | 13 (29.5 %) | 24 (37.5 %) | NA |
Glucose state | |||
Fasting glucose mg/dL, mean (range) % | 88 (60.9–180.5) | 146 (59–397) | 0.00** |
Normal | 88.6 % | 45.3 % | |
High | 11.4 % | 54.7 % | |
HbA1C, mean (range) % | 5.6 (3.9–6.9) | 7.0 (3.2–12.5) | 0.00** |
Normal | 81.8 % | 35.7 % | |
High | 18.25 % | 62.5 % | |
Lipid profile | |||
Total cholesterol mg/dL, mean (range) % | 237 (131–328) | 237 (143–465) | 0.99 |
Normal | 31.8 % | 37.5 % | |
High | 68.2 % | 62.5 % | |
TG mean mg/dL, mean (range) % | 194 (85–547) | 205 (76–628) | 0.56 |
Normal | 63.6 % | 60.9 % | |
High | 36.4 % | 39.1 % | |
HDL mean mg/dL, mean (range) % | 43 (27–87) | 43 (17–85) | 0.81 |
Normal | 54.5 % | 57.8 % | |
High | 45.5 % | 42.2 % | |
LDL mg/dL, mean (range) % | 158 (78–266) | 158 (77–395) | 0.95 |
Normal | 50 % | 56.3 % | |
High | 50 % | 43.8 % | |
Hepatic profile | |||
ASAT mean mg/dL, mean (range) % | 41.3 (19–95) | 33.3 (6.0–78) | 0.01* |
Normal | 48.7 % | 70.8 % | |
High | 51.3 % | 29.2 % | |
ALAT mean mg/dL, mean (range) % | 44.7 (10–135) | 38.8 (7.0–131) | 0.252 |
Normal | 47.4 % | 64.6 % | |
High | 52.6 % | 35.4 % | |
Medication | |||
Metformin | 0 % | 44.6 % | |
Insulin | 0 % | 9.2 % | |
Both medications | 0 % | 15.4 % | |
Any anti-diabetic medication | 100 % | 30.8 % | |
Statins (%) | 0 % | 0 % | |