Table 1 Characteristics of evaluated groups
From: Influence of type 2 diabetes on symbolic analysis and complexity of heart rate variability in men
Characteristics | T2D | CG | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 50.53 ± 6.96 | 50.26 ± 7.96 | 0.345 |
Body mass (Kg) | 86.64 ± 13.86 | 80.24 ± 9.38 | 0.057 |
Height (m) | 1.74 ± 0.09 | 1.75 ± 0.08 | 0.823 |
BMI (Kg/m2) | 28.26 ± 4.13 | 26.21 ± 1.77 | 0.062 |
Percentage of total body fat | 24.94 ± 6.20 | 23.38 ± 3.61 | 0.384 |
VO2 peak (ml/min) | 1672.05 ± 345.01 | 1850.89 ± 238.09 | 0.070 |
Time of diabetes (years) | 11.13 ± 6.41 | - | - |
Laboratory Exams | |||
PCR (mg/dL) | 1.12 ± 1.48 | 0.69 ± 0.66 | 0.874 |
HbA1c (%) | 8.54 ± 2.15 | 5.85 ± 0.30 | <0.001* |
HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 69.80 ± 23.55 | 40.44 ± 3.26 | <0.001* |
Estimated mean glycemia (mg/dL) | 197.79 ± 61.91 | 119.47 ± 9.95 | <0.001* |
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 193.79 ± 28.61 | 198.21 ± 39.33 | 0.635 |
HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 45.37 ± 10.32 | 46.79 ± 11.02 | 0.573 |
LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 113.53 ± 32.12 | 119.26 ± 30.62 | 0.253 |
VLDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 33.84 ± 18.49 | 31.05 ± 16.11 | 0.452 |
Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 170.47 ± 92.57 | 156.37 ± 80.06 | 0.093 |
Risk factors | |||
Hypertension | 2 (10.53%) | - | - |
Obesity | 5 (26.31%) | - | - |
Dyslipidemia | 7 (36.84%) | 9 (47.37%) | - |
Medications | |||
Oral hypoglycemic drugs | 8 (42.11%) | - | - |
Insulin | 4 (21.05%) | - | - |
Oral hypoglycemic drugs + insulin | 4 (21.05%) | ||
Anti-hypertensive drugs | 5 (26.31%) | - | - |
ACE Inhibitor | 1 (5.26%) | - | - |
- Calcium channel blocker (amlodipina) | 1 (5.26%) | - | - |
- Angiotensin II receptor antagonist | 2 (10.53%) | - | - |
- Hydrochlorothiazide | 1 (5.26%) | - | - |
- Clonidine | 1 (5.26%) | - | - |
- Hypolipidemic drug | 2 (10.53%) | 3 (15.79%) | |
Deep breathing testing | |||
E/I | 1.27 ± 0.20 | 1.29 ± 0.16 | 0.352 |
ΔIE | 18.53 ± 14.94 | 16.73 ± 8.82 | 0.494 |