| Baseline | 12 weeks | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|
HbA1c (NGSP) (%) | 7.30 ± 0.55 | 7.02 ± 0.52 | <0.05 | |
HbA1c (NGSP) (mmol/mol) | 54.5 ± 5.6 | 51.6 ± 5.3 | <0.05 | |
FPG (mmol/L) | 7.95 ± 1.15 | 6.98 ± 1.07 | <0.01 | |
HOMA-IR | 2.66 ± 1.42 | 2.20 ± 0.94 | 0.08 | |
HOMA-β | 38.97 ± 34.28 | 46.44 ± 28.59 | 0.12 | |
Matsuda index | 5.59 ± 2.04 | 5.98 ± 2.48 | 0.47 | |
Insulinogenic index | 0.92 ± 0.81 | 0.67 ± 0.69 | 0.18 | |
IRI (pmol/L) | Fasting | 54.7 ± 29.4 | 51.8 ± 23.5 | 0.51 |
 | 120 min* | 257.1 ± 153.0 | 292.2 ± 176.1 | 0.18 |
CPR (nmol/L) | Fasting | 0.55 ± 0.25 | 0.50 ± 0.14 | 0.28 |
 | 120 min* | 1.54 ± 0.52 | 1.56 ± 0.42 | 0.82 |
TG (mmol/L) | Fasting | 1.84 ± 0.88 | 1.14 ± 0.41 | <0.01 |
 | 120 min* | 2.13 ± 0.97 | 1.47 ± 0.40 | <0.01 |
RLP-C (mmol/L) | Fasting | 0.25 ± 0.16 | 0.12 ± 0.05 | <0.05 |
 | 120 min* | 0.26 ± 0.16 | 0.14 ± 0.06 | <0.05 |
TC (mmol/L) | 5.83 ± 1.03 | 5.30 ± 0.60 | <0.05 | |
LDL-C (mmol/L) | 3.56 ± 0.83 | 2.92 ± 0.55 | <0.05 | |
HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.50 ± 0.24 | 1.66 ± 0.29 | <0.05 | |
hs-CRP (mg/dl) | 0.11 ± 0.10 | 0.09 ± 0.12 | 0.38 | |
Adiponectin (μg/mL) | 7.81 ± 2.52 | 8.37 ± 3.90 | 0.31 | |
AST (IU/L) | 32.3 ± 21.7 | 28.9 ± 19.7 | 0.05 | |
ALT (IU/L) | 39.8 ± 25.8 | 28.8 ± 19.6 | <0.01 | |
γ-GTP (IU/L) | 66.5 ± 56.2 | 30.7 ± 18.2 | <0.05 | |
BMI (kg/m2) | 26.5 ± 3.1 | 26.2 ± 2.9 | 0.14 | |
Waist circumference (cm) | 91.8 ± 7.6 | 93.5 ± 9.2 | 0.14 |