Table 1 Characteristics of the study subjects according to TB quintiles

TB (umol/l)

< 8.70

8.70-10.19

10.20-11.99

12.00-13.99

> 13.99

—

—

Male (n, %)

592(41.3%)

687(46.4%)

609(50.1%)

736(51.9%)

1102(63.4%)

< 0.001

< 0.001

Age (years)

62 ± 12

61 ± 12

60 ± 12

60 ± 12

58 ± 12

< 0.001

< 0.001

^aDD (months)

120(60–180)

108(48–168)

96(36–168)

84(24–138)

84(24–132)

< 0.001

< 0.001

Hypertension (n, %)

850(59.4%)

831(56.1%)

684(56.3%)

763(53.8%)

903(51.9%)

0.001

0.255

Obesity (n, %)

653(45.6%)

669(45.2%)

566(46.6%)

662(46.7%)

804(46.2%)

0.911

0.942

Smoking (n, %)

372(26%)

400(27%)

338(27.8%)

387(27.3%)

561(32.3%)

0.001

< 0.001

Alcohol (n, %)

171(11.9%)

188(12.7%)

183(15.1%)

215(15.2%)

339(19.5%)

< 0.001

0.809

LLD (n, %)

667(46.6%)

591(39.9%)

501(41.2%)

541(38.2%)

609(35%)

< 0.001

< 0.001

AHAs (n, %)

802(56%)

763(51.5%)

634(52.2%)

706(49.8%)

836(48.1%)

< 0.001

0.114

APAs (n, %)

797(55.7%)

784(52.9%)

661(54.4%)

749(52.9%)

851(48.9%)

0.003

0.020

IIAs (n, %)

1073(74.9%)

1059(71.5%)

820(67.5%)

937(66.1%)

1166(67.1%)

< 0.001

< 0.001

SBP (mmHg)

134 ± 17

133 ± 18

133 ± 17

133 ± 17

132 ± 17

0.201

0.869

DBP (mmHg)

79 ± 9

79 ± 9

80 ± 10

80 ± 9

81 ± 10

< 0.001

0.120

WC (cm)

89.5 ± 10.7

89.7 ± 10.4

89.7 ± 10.4

89.7 ± 10.3

90.2 ± 10.3

0.574

0.063

WHR

0.92 ± 0.07

0.92 ± 0.07

0.92 ± 0.07

0.92 ± 0.06

0.92 ± 0.06

0.923

0.369

BMI (kg/m²)

24.87 ± 3.54

24.81 ± 3.53

24.95 ± 3.48

24.87 ± 3.43

24.94 ± 3.47

0.824

0.895

^aFPG (mmol/l)

7.29(5.89–9.46)

7.70(6.21–9.67)

7.50(6.21–9.60)

7.82(6.29–9.71)

8.34(6.58–10.30)

< 0.001

< 0.001

^a2h PPG (mmol/l)

12.36(9.50-15.59)

13.14(10.01–16.60)

13.03(10.09–16.36)

13.53(10.33–16.63)

14.28(11.09–17.62)

< 0.001

< 0.001

HbA1c (%)

8.7 ± 2.2

9.0 ± 2.2

8.8 ± 2.2

8.9 ± 2.2

9.0 ± 2.1

0.001

0.004

^aFins (uU/ml)

1.87(1.18–2.82)

1.79(1.08–2.61)

1.83(1.17–2.54)

1.77(1.15–2.60)

1.82(1.24–2.58)

0.136

0.089

^a2h ins (uU/ml)

3.88(2.29–6.04)

3.91(2.09–6.03)

4.13(2.42–6.12)

4.22(2.43–6.21)

4.08(2.51–6.06)

< 0.001

< 0.001

aHOMA-IR

4.56(2.65–8.53)

4.65(2.73–8.50)

4.27(2.43–7.31)

4.34(2.61–7.03)

4.45(2.77–7.28)

0.001

0.001

^aFCP (ng/mL)

1.87(1.18–2.82)

1.79(1.08–2.61)

1.83(1.17–2.54)

1.77(1.15–2.60)

1.82(1.24–2.58)

0.136

0.089

^a2h PCP (ng/mL)

3.88(2.29–6.04)

3.91(2.09–6.03)

4.13(2.42–6.12)

4.22(2.43–6.21)

4.08(2.51–6.06)

0.034

0.011

^aHOMA2-IR

1.58(0.99–2.43)

1.54(0.91–2.27)

1.59(1.00-2.19)

1.53(0.99–2.24)

1.60(1.05–2.28)

0.085

0.045

^aTG (mmol/l)

1.52(1.05–2.38)

1.47(1.04–2.16)

1.40(0.99–2.08)

1.39(0.97–2.10)

1.51(1.01–2.18)

< 0.001

< 0.001

TC (mmol/l)

4.86 ± 1.32

4.84 ± 1.15

4.81 ± 1.06

4.80 ± 1.03

4.85 ± 1.11

0.589

0.241

HDL-C (mmol/l)

1.08 ± 0.29

1.13 ± 0.30

1.15 ± 0.31

1.15 ± 0.31

1.16 ± 0.33

< 0.001

0.487

LDL-C (mmol/l)

2.97 ± 0.98

3.06 ± 0.94

3.10 ± 0.93

3.09 ± 0.87

3.14 ± 0.95

< 0.001

< 0.001

^aLp (a)

10.8(5.6–22.6)

10.9(6.6–21.4)

10.5(5.7–21.6)

10.7(5.7–21.5)

10.3(5.2–19.9)

0.030

0.004

^aALT (U/l)

17(12–25)

18(13–26)

19(13–29)

20(14–31)

21(15–32)

< 0.001

< 0.001

^aAST (U/l)

18(15–23)

18(15–23)

19(13–24)

20(16–25)

20(16–26)

< 0.001

< 0.001

^aγ-GT (U/l)

22(16–33)

22(16–34)

24(17–35)

25(17–39)

26(18–41)

< 0.001

< 0.001

^aCr (µmol/l)

66(54–83)

65(54–79)

65(54–78)

65(54–77)

67(56–78)

0.004

0.005

^aSUA (µmol/l)

317(264–384)

308(254–370)

315(264–376)

310(256–373)

313(258–373)

0.036

< 0.001

^aUAE (mg/24 h)

15.39(7.46–76.53)

12.00(6.95–38.30)

11.68(7.07–30.75)

11.17(6.99–24.91)

10.80(6.61–25.19)

< 0.001

< 0.001

^aeGFR (ml/min/1.73 m²)

106(81–130)

109(89–132)

110(91–134)

111(92–133)

111(94–133)

< 0.001

< 0.001