Table 1 Demographic characteristics of study participants (n = 2867)
Characteristics | All (n = 2867) | Non-MetS (n = 2645) | MetS (n = 222) | P-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age - yr. no. (%) | ||||
≤ 20 | 722 (25.19%) | 700 (96.95%) | 22 (3.05%) | 0.000 |
21–30 | 1258 (43.89%) | 1161 (92.29%) | 97 (7.71%) | |
≥ 30 | 886 (30.91%) | 783 (88.37%) | 103 (11.63%) | |
Mean ± SD | 25.82 ± 6.07 | 25.59 ± 6.10 | 28.60 ± 4.97 | 0.000 |
Gender - no. (%) | ||||
Female | 1621(56.54%) | 1463 (90.25%) | 158 (9.75%) | 0.000 |
Male | 1246 (43.46%) | 1182 (94.86%) | 64 (5.14%) | |
Education.years- no. (%) | ||||
≤ 12 years | 1770 (61.80%) | 1622 (91.64%) | 148 (8.36%) | 0.120 |
≥ 13 years | 1094 (38.20%) | 1020(93.24%) | 74 (6.76%) | |
Mean ± SD | 12.31 ± 3.01 | 12.33 ± 3.01 | 11.97 ± 3.10 | 0.086 |
Physical activity score - no. (%) | ||||
Median(IQR) | 0(0-120) | 0(0-120) | 0(0–90) | 0.113 |
BMI - no. (%) | ||||
< 25 | 1595 (55.77%) | 1576 (98.81%) | 19 (1.19%) | 0.000 |
25-29.9 | 816 (28.53%) | 731 (89.58%) | 85 (10.42%) | |
≥ 30 | 449 (15.70%) | 331 (73.72%) | 118 (26.28%) | |
Mean ± SD | 26.16 ± 53.62 | 25.74 ± 55.73 | 31.19 ± 10.22 | 0.145 |
Alcohol consumption - no. (%) | ||||
Yes | 688 (24.00%) | 648 (94.19%) | 40 (5.81%) | 0.030 |
No | 2179 (76.00%) | 1997(91.65%) | 182 (8.35%) | |
Cigarette smoking - no. (%) | ||||
Yes | 828 (28.88%) | 773 (93.36%) | 55 (6.64%) | 0.160 |
No | 2039 (71.12%) | 1872 (91.81%) | 167 (8.19%) | |
Hookah consumption - no. (%) | ||||
Yes | 1474 (51.43%) | 1378 (93.49%) | 96 (6.51%) | 0.013 |
No | 1392 (48.57%) | 1266 (90.95%) | 126 (9.05%) | |
Bedtime | ||||
Before or on 12:00 am | 2028 (70.74%) | 1869 (92.16%) | 159 (7.84%) | 0.763 |
After 12:00 am | 839 (29.26%) | 776 (92.49%) | 63 (7.51%) | |
Wake time | ||||
Before or on 6:00 am | 653 (22.78%) | 604 (92.50%) | 49 (7.50%) | 0.794 |
After 6:00 am | 2214 (77.22%) | 2041 (92.19%) | 173 (7.81%) | |
napping | ||||
Yes | 1162 (40.53%) | 1071 (92.17%) | 91 (7.83%) | 0.884 |
No | 1705 (59.47%) | 1574 (92.32%) | 131 (7.68%) | |
Night shift work | ||||
Yes | 150 (5.23%) | 145 (96.67%) | 5 (3.33%) | 0.038 |
No | 2717 (94.77%) | 2500 (92.01%) | 217 (7.99%) | |
Sleep duration per night | ||||
Short | 317 (11.06%) | 302 (95.27%) | 15 (4.73%) | 0.104 |
Normal | 1888 (65.85%) | 1735 (91.90%) | 153 (8.10%) | |
Long | 662 (23.09%) | 608 (91.84%) | 54 (8.16%) | |
Mean ± SD | 7.65 ± 1.44 | 7.65 ± 1.45 | 7.63 ± 1.34 | 0.822 |
Sleep duration per day | Â | Â | Â | |
< 6 | 99 (3.45%) | 91 (91.92%) | 8 (8.08%) | 0.321 |
6–7 | 682 (23.79%) | 631 (92.52%) | 51 (7.48%) | |
8–9 | 1387 (48.38%) | 1268 (91.42%) | 119 (8.58%) | |
≥ 10 | 699 (24.38%) | 655 (93.71%) | 44 (6.29%) | |
Mean ± SD | 8.53 ± 1.71 | 8.53 ± 1.72 | 8.42 ± 1.52 | 0.330 |