Table 1 Comparison of clinical and biochemical characteristics between the three groups
Variables | Early-onset (n = 154) | Late-onset (n = 451) | P value | Control group (n = 139) | P†value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 34.4 (4.7) | 59.1 (8.2) |  < 0.001*** | 33.1 (4.6) | 0.035* |
Male gender (%) | 118 (76.6) | 244 (54.1) |  < 0.001*** | 107 (77.0) | 0.943 |
Family history of diabetes (%) | 93 (60.4) | 201 (44.6) | 0.001** | 29 (20.9) |  < 0.001*** |
Current smoker (%) | 43 (27.9) | 86 (19.1) | 0.021* | 25 (18) | 0.044* |
Current drinker (%) | 24 (15.6) | 97 (21.5) | 0.113 | 15 (10.8) | 0.228 |
SBP (mmHg) | 132.0 (120.0–145.0) | 130.0 (120.0–140.0) | 0.037* | 124.0 (113.0–131.0) |  < 0.001*** |
DBP (mmHg) | 84.0 (80.0–94.5) | 80.0 (76.0–85.0) |  < 0.001*** | 75.0 (68.0–82.0) |  < 0.001*** |
Fatty liver (%) | 115 (74.7) | 219 (48.6) |  < 0.001*** | 64 (46.0) |  < 0.001*** |
HbA1C (mmol/mol, %) | 10.1 (2.0) | 9.8 (2.3) | 0.079 | 5.4 (0.3) |  < 0.001*** |
HOMA2-IR | 2.3 (1.6–3.0) | 2.1 (1.5–2.8) | 0.034* |  |  |
HOMA2-β | 53 (33.9–80.6) | 47.7 (32.1–71.5) | 0.038* |  |  |
TG (mmol/L) | 2.4 (1.6–3.9) | 1.6 (1.2–2.3) |  < 0.001*** | 1.2 (0.8–1.7) |  < 0.001*** |
TC (mmol/L) | 5.0 (1.2) | 5.0 (1.1) | 0.618 | 4.9 (0.9) | 0.778 |
HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.0 (0.9–1.1) | 1.1 (1.0–1.3) |  < 0.001*** | 1.3 (1.1–1.5) |  < 0.001*** |
LDL-C (mmol/L) | 3.3 (1.0) | 3.2 (0.8) | 0.130 | 3.1 (0.7) | 0.041* |
UA (μmol/L) | 342.4 (88.1) | 284.2 (79.6) |  < 0.001*** | 365.3 (86.9) | 0.053 |