Familial partial lipodystrophy type 2 and obesity, two adipose tissue pathologies with different inflammatory profiles

Table 1 Clinical parameters and complications in patients from FPLD2 group harbouring the p.(Thr655Asnfs*49) pathogenic variant in comparison with OB population

	p.(Thr655Asnfs*49)	OB group
	FPLD2 group		P-value*
Age (years)	39.5 [29.0-49.5]	40 [31.0-50.3]	0.78
Sex (W/M)	50/10 83.3%/16.7%	49/11 81.7%/18.3%	1
Anthropometrics parameters
Weight (kg)	63.7 [55.5–77.7]	95.2 [79.9-107.9]	< 0.01
BMI (kg/m2)	25.1 [22.2–28.7]	35.0 [28.9–42.1]	< 0.01
Body fat mass (kg)	16.6 [11.7–23.9]	39.9 [28.0-51.9]	< 0.01
Waist circumference (cm)	86.0 [75.0–94.0]	106 [92.0-120.0]	0.006
Waist/Hip ratio	0.97 [0.93-1.00]	0.95 [0.92–0.98]	0.4
Metabolic parameters
Diabetes	26 (43.3%)	24 (40.0%)	0.88
Prediabetes	20 (58.8%)	13 (37.1%)	0.28
HOMA-IR	3.9 [2.4–7.5]	4.2 [3.2–5.8]	0.78
Dyslipidemia (a)	50 (83.3%)	42 (71.2%)	0.36
Triglycerides (g/L)	1.4 [1.1-2.0]	1.1 [0.9–1.5]	< 0.01
LDL-cholesterol (g/L)	1.1 [0.8–1.3]	1.1 [0.8–1.4]	0.57
HDL-cholesterol (g/L)	0.4 [0.3–0.5]	0.5 [0.4–0.5]	0.02
Lipid-lowering therapy (a)	14 (24.1%)	10 (16.7%)	0.57
Organ dysfunction
Hepatic status
NAFLD (US)	47 (82.4%)	45 (78.9%)	0.87
FIB-4	0.7 [0.4–0.9]	0.6 [0.5–0.8]	0.85
High risk of hepatic fibrosis (b)	3 (5.2%)	4 (7.4%)	0.78
Cardiovascular disease
Hypertension	19 (32.2%)	16 (26.7%)	0.78
Stroke	3 (5.0%)	1 (1.6%)	0.75
Ischemic coronary disease	4 (6.6%)	4 (6.6%)	1
Carotid stenosis > 50%	3 (5.0%)	1 (1.6%)	0.75
Lower limb atherosclerosis	1 (1.6%)	0 (0%)	0.79
Cardiovascular atherosclerotic disease (c)	14 (23.7%)	10 (16.7%)	0.64
Kidney disease
Micro-/macro-albuminuria	15 (26.8%)	12 (23.5%)	0.92
Clearance (ml/min/1,73)	96 [82-111.5]	93 [80-103.3]	0.57

If not stated otherwise data are number (%) or median (Interquartile range). Prediabetes was defined by impaired fasting glucose (fasting plasma glucose between 6.1 and 6.9 mmol/L) and/or impaired glucose tolerance (plasma glucose 2 h-OGTT between 7.8 and 11.0 mmol/L).(a) Use of lipid-lowering agents (statin, ezetimib or fibrates), (b) High-risk liver fibrosis was defined by the presence of NAFLD on US with FIB-4 > 3.25 and/or APRI > 1.5 and/or F3-F4 fibrosis stage assessed by the liver stiffness measurement, (c) Cardiovascular atherosclerotic disease was defined by either a previous diagnosis of ischemic coronary disease or stroke, carotid stenosis > 50% or lower limb atherosclerosis assessed by Doppler US and/or a Coronary Artery Calcium (CAC) score > 11 in patients under 50 years of age or > 101 in patients over 50 years of age. *P-values were adjusted using False Discovery Rate method. (BMI) Body mass index, (HOMA-IR) homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, (NAFLD) nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, (M) Men and (W) Women, (US) liver ultrasound.

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